Miscellaneous
Engineering related topics like Beaufort Wind Scale, CE-marking, drawing standards and more
Acceleration of Gravity vs. Latitude and Elevation
Variation of acceleration of gravity due to latitude and elevation above sea level
Altitude - Air Temperature, Pressure and Density
Elevation - air temperature, pressure and air density
Angle of Repose
Tipping or dumping angles for some common materials like ashes, sand, earth, shingles
Animals in Laboratory Environments
Typical temperature and humidity environments for animals in laboratories
Antifreeze - Ethylene Glycol Volume vs. Temperature Rating
Freeze protecting of cooling systems - temperature rating vs. required amount of antifreeze.
Apothecaries' Weight System
Apothecaries' fluid and weight system - ounce, drachms, grains, scruples ..
Area Survey App
Online app making an exact plot of a surveyed area - like a room, a property or any 2D shape.
Assembly of Shrink-Fits
Heating temperatures of shrink-fits
Atmospheric Pressure vs. Elevation above Sea Level
Elevation above sea level - in feet and meter - with barometric and atmospheric pressure - inches mercury, psia, kg/cm2 and kPa
Barometer - Altitude Compensation
Compensating manometer for elevation
Barometric Pressure - Pressure in psi, psf and kPa
Relation between barometric pressure (inches Hg) and pressure in psi and psf
Beaufort Wind Scale
The Beaufort description and observation of wind and wind speed
Blueprint Letters
The letters commonly used to differentiate blueprint drawings.
Board Feet Chart and Calculator
Board feet - volume measurement of lumber
Bricks - Quantity and Mortar Consumption
Estimating required quantity of bricks and mortar
Builder's to Surveyor's Measurements
Convert builder's measurements to surveyor's measurements
Building Foundations - Loads
Typical loads on building foundations
Building Tolerances
Tolerances for floors, walls, columns and more
CE Marking
Verifies that a product is designed to the appropriate standards according the European Machine Directive.
Center of Gravity
Bodies and their center of gravity
Chemicals - Formulas and Trading Names
Formulas and trading names for some common chemicals
Clothes - Comparing US, UK and European Sizing
Comparing European, UK, US sizing in clothing, shoes, shirts and sweaters
CO2 Calculator - Emissions from Trains
Calculator for CO2 emissions from trains, comparing with alternative forms of transportation (as plane, bus, conventional and electrical cars)
CO2 Calculator - Emissions from Airplanes
Calculator for CO2 emissions from planes, comparing with alternative forms of transportation (as train, bus, conventional and electrical cars)
CO2 Calculator - Emissions from Cars
Calculator for CO2 emissions from different kind of cars (gasoline, diesel, LPG, electrical), comparing with alternative forms of transportation (as airplane, bus and train)
Color Mixing Theory
Subtractive and additive color mixing theories
Compression Ratio - Piston Engines
Piston engine cylinder volume ratio
Concentration Units Converter
Calculator and formulas for conversion between different units of concentration: Molarity, molality, mole fraction, weight percent of solute and grams of solute per liter of solution - descriptive terms for solubility.
Concrete - Calculate Cubic Volume
Calculating required concrete volume
Concrete - Volume Estimate
Estimate required concrete volume per sq. ft. of slab
Concrete - Water to Cement Ratios
Concrete and water to cement ratios
Concrete Columns
Estimate concrete volume required for concrete columns
Concrete Footing
Estimating concrete continous footing
Concrete Footing Volume
Estimate required concrete footing volume
Concrete Slab Load Capacity
Load capacity of simply supported concrete slabs
Concrete Slab Thickness
Recommended thickness of concrete slabs
Concrete Walls
Estimate volume in concrete walls
Constants of e
e constants
Constants of PI
π constants
Conveyor Belt Speed
Recommended maximum belt speed
Conveyor Capacity
Calculate the capacity of conveyors
Conveyors - Load & Power Consumption
Load and conveyors required power consumption
Conveyors - Maximum Inclinations for typical Products
Maximum conveyor slopes for various materials
Cooking - Volume Converter
Convert liquid cooking volumes
Cooking Volume Converter - US and Metric Units
Convert common cooking liquid and dry measuring volumes between US and metric units
CSI MasterFormat Specifications
Construction Specifications Institute's 2004 Master-Format Edition.
Decibel
Logarithmic unit used to describe ratios of signal levels - like power or intensity - to a reference level.
DFA - Design for Assembly index
Design for Assembly Index
Dimensionless Numbers
Physical and chemical dimensionless quantities - Reynolds number, Euler, Nusselt, and Prandtl number - and many more.
Distance Traveled vs. Speed and Time - Calculator and Chart
Velocity plotted in time used diagram.
Distances between Cities
Flight distances between selected cities in different countries and continents, to be used to calculate CO2 emissions from long distance flights
Drawings - Sheet Layouts
Standard drawing sheets layouts.
Drawings - Standard Metric Sizes
Standard metric drawing sheet sizes.
Drill Bit Speed - Hardwood and Softwood
Hardwood and softwood drill speed chart
Driving Distance between European Cities
Driving distance between some major European cities
Dust Explosions - Critical Temperatures and Concentrations
Critical temperatures and concentration parameters for substances like coal, zinc, uranium and more.
Earth Pressure acting on Underground Pipes
Pressure due to soil and transport
Electrical Equipment typical Power Consumption
Typical power consumption and running time for some common electrical equipment
Electrical Motor Starting Devices
Direct-on-line starters, star-delta starters, frequency drives and soft starters
Electrotechnical Abbreviations
Abbreviations according the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
Elevation - Temperature, Pressure and Speed of Sound
Speed of sound, temperature and pressure at different altitudes
Engine & Gear Oil - Outside Temperatures and Recommended Viscosities
Oil viscosity vs. temperature
EV - Electric Vehicle - miles per kWh vs. kWh per 100 km
Convert between miles/kWh and kWh/100 km
EV - Electric Vehicles - Range vs. State of Charge Calculator
Battery size, SOC - state of charge, energy consumption and electric vehicle range
EV - Electrical Vehicles Charging Speed
Power supply and electrical vehicle charging speed
Excavation Slope
Calculating excavation slope
Factors of Safety
Factors of Safety - FOS - are important for engineering design
Fasteners - Type Chart
Wood screws, machine screws, sheet metal screws, self drilling SMS and more
Feet to Inches Converting Chart
Convert from feet and inches to inches
Fire-Stop Ratings
F-rated, T-rated and L-rated fire-stop systems
Food Products Osmotic Pressure
Osmotic pressure of food products
Food-borne Infections and Diseases
Common bacteria and viruses found in food
Friction - Friction Coefficients and Calculator
Friction theory with calculator and friction coefficients for combinations of materials like ice, aluminum, steel, graphite and many more.
Frozen Food Storage Life
Practical storage life for some common frozen food products
Fruits and Vegetables - Optimal Storage Conditions
Optimal temperature and humidity conditions for common fruits and vegetables.
Fuel Consumption - liter/100 km
Estimate fuel consumption in liter per km - consumption chart and calculator
Fuel Consumption - mpg
Estimate fuel consumption in miles per gallon - mpg - calculator and consumption charts
Fuel Consumption Converter
Convert between fuel consumption units like US MPG, Imperial MPG, litre/nm, litre/100 km and km/litre
Galvanic Corrosion vs. Electrode Potential
Introduction to electro chemical series and corrosion of metals.
Gauge and Weight Chart
Gauge and weight chart for sheet steel, galvanized steel, stainless steel, aluminum and strip & tubing
Glue-Laminated Timber - Dimensions
Typical sizes of glue-laminated timber
Golden Section
Golden Section also called the Golden Mean.
Gravel - Cover Area
Gravel aggregate covering area
Grease Temperature Limits
Grease is a combination of oil and thickener
Grit Size vs. Surface Roughness
Comparison of sandpaper grit size and surface roughness
Hardwood Lumber - Dimensions
Size of hardwood lumber
Hazardous Area Classification - European Standard
European hazardous area classification in zones, protection types, temperature codes and codes
Hazardous Area Classification - North America
North American hazardous locations classification in classes, divisions and groups
HTML Color Codes
Safe html color codes
Inches - Fractional to Decimal Equivalents
The decimal equivalents of eights, sixteenths, thirty-seconds and sixty-fourths of an inch.
International Standard Atmosphere
International standard atmosphere in elevation -2000 to 30000 metre - pressure, temperature, density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and velocity of sound
ISO 724 - Metric Threads
Dimensions of metric threads according ISO 724
Latitude and Longitude Converter
Convert between Degrees, Minutes and Seconds and Decimal Units (or vice versa)
Lead-Acid Batteries
Specific gravity and charge of lead acid batteries - temperature and efficiency
Length Units Converter
Convert between units like metre, feet, inches, yards, kilometers and miles
Low-Frequency Vibrations Effects on Building Constructions
Effects of low-frequency vibrations on building constructions
Machine Processing and Tolerance Grades
Machine processing and tolerances
Manila Rope Strength
Manila 3-strand rope - minimum breaking strength and safe load
Mapping Scales - Length and Area
Mapping scales vs. lengths and area.
Masonry Blocks - Dimensions
Concrete Masonry Unit Blocks (CMU) - dimensions
Materials - Light Reflecting Factors
Light reflecting factor materials
Mechanical Processing and Surface Roughness
Mechanical production methods and surface roughness
Mesh Size vs. Particle Diameter
Strainers and filters - mesh size vs. particle diameter opening size
Metric Bolt Head and Wrench Size
ANSI/SO, DIN and JIS bolts
Mild Steel - Round Bar
Round bar weights
Mild Steel Square Bars
Typical weight of mild steel square bars
Minutes to Decimal Hours
Converting minutes to descimal hours
Miter Saw - Calculate Sawing Angle
Free online tool to calculate miter saw protractor angles.
Mortar Types
ASTM Mortar Types
Nails and Spikes - Withdrawal Force
Allowable withdrawal load for nail and spikes
Numerical Constants
Some numerical constants
Nylon Rope - Strength
Nylon 3-strand and 8-strand rope - minimum breaking strength and safe load
Oil - Lubrication and Temperature Limits
Temperature limits for lubricating oils
Paper Drafting Sizes - Comparing ISO and U.S. Drawing Sheets
ISO vs. U.S. and Canadian drawing sheets.
Paper Drafting Sizes - ISO 216 series A, B and C
ISO 216 A, B and C drawing series - dimensions of regular, oversized and envelope sheets.
Paper Sizes - commonly used in U.S. Offices
Office paper sizes as Letter, Legal, Tabloid and more.
Paper Sizes - Imperial
Printing and drawing papers sizes.
Pasteurization Times and Temperatures
Pasteurization methods, time and temperatures
pH - Basic (alkaline) vs. Acidic
Introduction to pH - the acidic and basic (alkaline) definition.
Piston Engine Displacement
Calculate piston engine displacement
Poisson's Ratio
When a material is stretched in one direction it tends to get thinner in the other two directions
Polyester Polyolefin Rope - Strength
Polyester Polyolefin dual fiber 3-strand rope - minimum breaking strength and safe load
Polyester Rope - Strength
Polyester 3-strand and 8-strand rope - minimum breaking strength and safe load
Polypropylene Fiber Rope - Strength
Polypropylene fiber 3-strand and 8 strand rope - minimum breaking strength and safe load
Precious Metals - Karat Unit of Fineness
Units of fineness - Karat
Rebar - Metric Reinforcing Bar
Reinforcing bar - European metric dimensions
Rebar - U.S. Imperial Reinforcing Bar
U.S. imperial dimensions of rebar
Rebar - Weights
Weights of rebar rods - size ranging 1/4
Reduced Torque with Lubricated Bolts
Lubrication effect on bolt tension and torque
Roman Numerals
Roman numerals are a combinations of seven letters
Roof Framing
Run, Roof Slope, Gable Height and Gable Area
Roofing Materials - Weights
Weight calculator for roofing materials
Safety Signals - recommended Colors
American National Standards Institutes schedule for safety colors marking physical hazards
Sandpaper - Grit Sizes
Grit sizes ranging 12 - 600
Satellites in Orbit
Orbital and escape velocity - geostationary satellites
Scale of Objects
The relative scale of objects
Scientific and Engineering Terms - ANSI Abbreviations
Abbreviations for Use on Drawings and in Text - ANSI Y1.1
Shackles - Safe Loads
Safe loads of shackles
Shipping Measuring Units
Vessel and cargo capacities
Sieve Size and Mesh Designation
US commercial sieve sizes and mesh designations
Sisal Rope - Strength
Sisal rope 3-strand, minimum breaking strength and safe load
Slope - Degree, Gradient and Grade Calculator
Converting slopes pitch between degrees, gradients and grades
Softwood Lumber - Dimensions
Commercial softwood lumber dimension chart - nominal and actual sizes
Softwood Lumber - Grading
Rough lumber, surfaced lumber (dressed), worked lumber, shop and factory lumber and yard lumber
Soil and Rock - Bulk Factors
Soil and rock expansion - or swell - after mining
Sprinkler Protection Area
Maximum fire sprinkler protection area
Stair Calculator
Calculate steps, unit rise and run in a stair
Standard Gauges
Standard gauges for wire and sheet - American, Birmingham, Washburn, Music, Stubs ..
Standard test methods (ASTM and others) and specifications for petroleum products
An overview of common test methods and specifications of petroleum fuels. What, why and how do the different test?
Standard test methods (ASTM and others) for crude oil properties
An overview of common test methods and typical ranges of variation of petroleum quality parameters. What, why and how do the different test?
Steel Flats - Weight
Typically weight of mild steel flats
Steel Plates - Size & Weight
Size & weight of steel plates - Imperial and Metric units
Steel Tempering Colors
The tempering process of hardening steel
Steel Wool - Grades
Steel wool grades and fiber thickness
Stockpile Volumes
Volume of natural stockpiles - cubic feet, yard, metre and decimetre
Stone - Weight and Strength
Weight and strength of sandstone, granite, limestone, marble and slate
Surface Finishing
Lumber and surface finishing abbreviations
Surface Roughness and Abrasive Grain Size
U.S. mesh size and surface roughness
Symbols Used to Denote a Chemical Reactions and Process or Condition
Explanation of symbols used as subscripts or superscripts to tell more about the type of chemical reaction, process or condition.
The Greek Alphabet
The Greek alphabet is essential when expressing formulas and technical language
The Phonetic Alphabet
The phonetic alphabet used in international aircraft communications
Threaded Bolt Stress Area
Threaded bolts tensile stress area
Tree Species - Water Demand
Trees species and relative water demand.
Trench Excavation
Estimate trench excavation - online calculator
Troy Weight
Weight of gold and silver
Types of Contracts
Commonly used engineering and construction contracts
Uniformat
The ASTM E1557 UNIFORMAT II Standard
Urban Tree Heights
Height of trees commonly used in towns and urban areas.
US and Metric Fasteners - Thread Sizes
Printable fastener chart
US Bolts - Head and Wrench Sizes
Hex Bolt, Lag Bolt, Square Bolt and Heavy Hex Bolt
US Machine Screws - Dimensions
Machine screw diameters
US Standard Architectural Drawing Sizes
US architectural drawing sizes and formats.
US Standard Engineering Drawing Sizes
US engineering drawing sizes based on ANSI/ASME Y14.1.
US Wood Screws - Nominal Sizes
Wood screws - nominal sizes vs. diameters
US Wood Screws - Pilot Holes
Hard wood and soft wood pilot holes, shank clearance holes and countersink diameters
UTM to Latitude and Longitude Converter
Free online UTM to Latitude and Longitude coordinates converter.
Value Engineering
Enhancing function and improving value
Variable Frequency Drives - Heat Loss and Required Air Cooling
A variable frequency drive develops heat during work and to avoid overheating ventilation is required
Vehicle - Distance Traveled vs. Velcocity and Time Used (mph)
Speed (miles per hour) and time (hours) and distance traveled (miles) chart
Vehicle - Distance Traveled vs. Velocity and Time (km/h)
Speed (km per hour) vs. time (hours) and distance traveled (km).
Vehicles Traffic - Flow and Density
Vehicles traffic flow and density as used in highway design
Velocity Converter
Convert speed and velocity units - m/s, km/h, knots, mph and ft/s
Volume of Cylindrical Tanks
Volume in US gallons and Liters
Volume of Rectangular Tanks
Tank volume per foot depth
Walls - No. of Studs
Calculate the number of studs in a wall
Welding Temperatures
Melting and welding temperatures
Wire Rope - Strength
6 strand x 19 wire (6x19) - minimum breaking strength, safe loads and weight
Wood - Compressive Strength vs. Moisture Content
Red Spruce, Longleaf Pine and Douglas Fir - moisture content and their compressive strength
Wood Screws - Withdrawal Forces
Allowable withdrawal load force
Wrench Spanner - Inches vs. mm
SAE to metric wrench or spanner converting chart.
