Engineering ToolBox - Resources, Tools and Basic Information for Engineering and Design of Technical Applications!

Water - Thermophysical Properties

Thermal properties of water at different temperatures like density, freezing temperature, boiling temperature, latent heat of melting, latent heat of evaporation, critical temperature and more.

Sponsored Links

Thermodynamic properties of water:

  • Boiling temperature (at 101.325 kPa):     99.974 °C = 211.953 °F
  • Bulk modulus elasticity :                            2.15 x 10 9 Pa or N/m2
  • Critical temperature :                                 373.946 °C = 705.103 °F
  • Critical pressure :                                      217.7 atm = 220.6 bar = 22.06 MPa (MN/m2) = 3200 psi (=lb f /in2)
  • Critical density:                                         0.322 g/cm3 = 0.62478 slug/ft3 = 20.1018 lb m /ft3
  • Ionization constant , pKw (at 25°C):          13.995
  • Latent heat of melting:                             334 kJ/kg = 144 Btu(IT)/lb
  • Latent heat of evaporation(at 100°C):     40.657 kJ/mol = 2256 kJ/kg = 970 Btu(IT)/lb
  • Maximum density (at 4 oC):                      999.975 kg/m3 = 1.9403 slug/ft3 = 8.34519 lb m /gal(US)
  • Melting temperature (at 101.325 kPa):     0 °C = 32°F
  • Molar mass:                                             18.01527 g/mol
  • pH (at 25°C):                                            6.9976
  • Specific heat (C p ) water (at 15°C/60°F):  4.187 kJ/kgK = 1.001 Btu(IT)/(lb m °F) or kcal/(kg K)
  • Specific heat ice:                                      2.108 kJ/kgK = 0.5035 Btu(IT)/(lb m °F) or kcal/(kg K)
  • Specific heat water vapor:                        1.996 kJ/kgK =0.4767 Btu(IT)/(lb m °F) or kcal/(kg K)
  • Specific Weight (at 4 oC):                         9.806 kN/m3 = 62.43 lb f /ft3
  • Thermal expansion from 4 oC to 100 oC: 4.2x10-2 (Note! - volumetric temperature expansion of water is not linear with temperature)
  • Triple point pressure:                               0.00604 atm = 0.00612 bar = 611.657 Pa = 0.08871 psi (=lb f /in2)
  • Triple point temperature:                          0.01 °C = 32.02 °F

Follow the links below to get values for the listed properties of liquid water at varying pressure and temperature :

For each topic, there are figures and tables showing the variations in properties with temperature. Calculators giving the properties at specified temperatures are also available. All properties are given in both SI and imperial units.

See also more about atmospheric pressure , and STP - Standard Temperature and Pressure & NTP - Normal Temperature and Pressure ,
as well as Thermophysical properties of: Acetone , Acetylene , Air , Ammonia , Argon , Benzene , Butane , Carbon dioxide , Carbon monoxide , Ethane , Ethanol , Ethylene , Helium , Hydrogen , Hydrogen sulfide , Methane , Methanol , Nitrogen , Oxygen , Pentane , Propane , Toluene and Heavy water, D2O .

Sponsored Links

Related Topics

  • Densities

    Densities of solids, liquids and gases. Definitions and convertion calculators.
  • Environment

    Climate, meteorology, solar, wind, emissions and environmental related engineering resources.
  • Material Properties

    Properties of gases, fluids and solids. Densities, specific heats, viscosities and more.
  • Steam and Condensate

    Design of steam & condensate systems with properties, capacities, sizing of pipe lines, system configuration and more.

Related Documents

Sponsored Links

Search

Search is the most efficient way to navigate the Engineering ToolBox.

Engineering ToolBox - SketchUp Extension - Online 3D modeling!

3D Engineering ToolBox Extension to SketchUp - add parametric components to your SketchUp model

Add standard and customized parametric components - like flange beams, lumbers, piping, stairs and more - to your Sketchup model with the Engineering ToolBox - SketchUp Extension - enabled for use with older versions of the amazing SketchUp Make and the newer "up to date" SketchUp Pro . Add the Engineering ToolBox extension to your SketchUp Make/Pro from the Extension Warehouse !

Translate this Page

Translate this page to Your Own Language .

About the Engineering ToolBox!

Privacy Policy

We don't collect information from our users. More about

Citation

This page can be cited as

  • The Engineering ToolBox (2003). Water - Thermophysical Properties. [online] Available at: https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/water-thermal-properties-d_162.html [Accessed Day Month Year].

Modify the access date according your visit.

3D Engineering ToolBox - draw and model technical applications! 2D Engineering ToolBox - create and share online diagram drawing templates! Engineering ToolBox Apps - mobile online and offline engineering applications!

Unit Converter

















































3.15.9

Sponsored Links
.