Water - Specific Heat vs. Temperature
Specific heat (C) is the amount of heat required to change the temperature of a mass unit of a substance by one degree.
When calculating mass and volume flow in a water heating systems at higher temperature - the specific heat should be corrected according the figures and tables below.
The specific heat is given at varying temperatures (°C and °F) and at water saturation pressure (which for practical use, gives the same result as atmospheric pressure at temperatures < 100 °C (212°F)).
- I sochoric specific heat (C v ) for water in a constant-volume , (= isovolumetric or isometric ) closed system.
- Isobaric specific heat (C p ) for water in a constant pressure (ΔP = 0) system.
Online Water Specific Heat Calculator
The calculator below can be used to calculate the liquid water specific heat at constant volume or constant pressure and given temperatures.
The output specific heat is given as kJ/(kmol*K), kJ/(kg*K), kWh/(kg*K), kcal/(kg K), Btu(IT)/(mol*°R) and Btu(IT)/(lb m *°R)
Note! Temperature must be within the ranges 0-370 °C, 32-700 °F, 273-645 K and 492-1160 °R to get valid values.
Choose the actual unit of temperature:
See Water and Heavy Water - thermodynamic properties.
See also other properties of Water at varying temperature and pressure : Boiling points at high pressure , Boiling points at vacuum pressure , Density and specific weight , Dynamic and kinematic viscosity , Enthalpy and entropy , Heat of vaporization , Ionization Constant, pK w , of normal and heavy water , Melting points at high pressure , Prandtl number , Properties at Gas-Liquid Equilibrium Conditions , Saturation pressure , Specific gravity , Specific volume , Thermal conductivity , Thermal diffusivity and Vapour pressure at gas-liquid equilibrium ,
as well as Specific heat of Air - at Constant Pressure and Varying Temperature , Air - at Constant Temperature and Varying Pressure , Ammonia , Butane , Carbon dioxide , Carbon monoxide , Ethane , Ethanol , Ethylene , Hydrogen , Methane , Methanol , Nitrogen , Oxygen and Propane .
Specific heat for liquid water at temperatures from 0 to 360 °C:
For full table with Isobaric Specific Heat - rotate the screen!
| Temperature | Isochoric Specific Heat (C v ) | Isobaric Specific Heat (C p ) | ||||||
| [°C] | [J/(mol K)] | [kJ/(kg K)] | [kWh/(kg K)] | [kcal/(kg K)] [Btu(IT)/lb m °F] | [J/(mol K)] | [kJ/(kg K)] | [kWh/(kg K)] | [kcal/(kg K)] [Btu(IT)/lb m °F] |
| 0.01 | 75.981 | 4.2174 | 0.001172 | 1.0073 | 76.026 | 4.2199 | 0.001172 | 1.0079 |
| 10 | 75.505 | 4.1910 | 0.001164 | 1.0010 | 75.586 | 4.1955 | 0.001165 | 1.0021 |
| 20 | 74.893 | 4.1570 | 0.001155 | 0.9929 | 75.386 | 4.1844 | 0.001162 | 0.9994 |
| 25 | 74.548 | 4.1379 | 0.001149 | 0.9883 | 75.336 | 4.1816 | 0.001162 | 0.9988 |
| 30 | 74.181 | 4.1175 | 0.001144 | 0.9834 | 75.309 | 4.1801 | 0.001161 | 0.9984 |
| 40 | 73.392 | 4.0737 | 0.001132 | 0.9730 | 75.300 | 4.1796 | 0.001161 | 0.9983 |
| 50 | 72.540 | 4.0264 | 0.001118 | 0.9617 | 75.334 | 4.1815 | 0.001162 | 0.9987 |
| 60 | 71.644 | 3.9767 | 0.001105 | 0.9498 | 75.399 | 4.1851 | 0.001163 | 0.9996 |
| 70 | 70.716 | 3.9252 | 0.001090 | 0.9375 | 75.491 | 4.1902 | 0.001164 | 1.0008 |
| 80 | 69.774 | 3.8729 | 0.001076 | 0.9250 | 75.611 | 4.1969 | 0.001166 | 1.0024 |
| 90 | 68.828 | 3.8204 | 0.001061 | 0.9125 | 75.763 | 4.2053 | 0.001168 | 1.0044 |
| 100 | 67.888 | 3.7682 | 0.001047 | 0.9000 | 75.950 | 4.2157 | 0.001171 | 1.0069 |
| 110 | 66.960 | 3.7167 | 0.001032 | 0.8877 | 76.177 | 4.2283 | 0.001175 | 1.0099 |
| 120 | 66.050 | 3.6662 | 0.001018 | 0.8757 | 76.451 | 4.2435 | 0.001179 | 1.0135 |
| 140 | 64.306 | 3.5694 | 0.000992 | 0.8525 | 77.155 | 4.2826 | 0.001190 | 1.0229 |
| 160 | 62.674 | 3.4788 | 0.000966 | 0.8309 | 78.107 | 4.3354 | 0.001204 | 1.0355 |
| 180 | 61.163 | 3.3949 | 0.000943 | 0.8109 | 79.360 | 4.4050 | 0.001224 | 1.0521 |
| 200 | 59.775 | 3.3179 | 0.000922 | 0.7925 | 80.996 | 4.4958 | 0.001249 | 1.0738 |
| 220 | 58.514 | 3.2479 | 0.000902 | 0.7757 | 83.137 | 4.6146 | 0.001282 | 1.1022 |
| 240 | 57.381 | 3.1850 | 0.000885 | 0.7607 | 85.971 | 4.7719 | 0.001326 | 1.1397 |
| 260 | 56.392 | 3.1301 | 0.000869 | 0.7476 | 89.821 | 4.9856 | 0.001385 | 1.1908 |
| 280 | 55.578 | 3.0849 | 0.000857 | 0.7368 | 95.285 | 5.2889 | 0.001469 | 1.2632 |
| 300 | 55.003 | 3.0530 | 0.000848 | 0.7292 | 103.60 | 5.7504 | 0.001597 | 1.3735 |
| 320 | 54.819 | 3.0428 | 0.000845 | 0.7268 | 117.78 | 6.5373 | 0.001816 | 1.5614 |
| 340 | 55.455 | 3.0781 | 0.000855 | 0.7352 | 147.88 | 8.2080 | 0.002280 | 1.9604 |
| 360 | 59.402 | 3.2972 | 0.000916 | 0.7875 | 270.31 | 15.004 | 0.004168 | 3.5836 |
Specific heat for liquid water at temperatures from 32 to 675 °F:
For full table with Isobaric Specific Heat - rotate the screen!
| Temperature | Isochoric Specific Heat (C v ) | Isobaric Specific Heat (C p ) | ||||
| [°F] | [Btu(IT)/(mol °R)] | [Btu(IT)/(lb m °F)] [kcal/(kg K)] | [kJ/(kg K)] | [Btu(IT)/kmol °R] | [Btu(IT)/lb m °F] [kcal/kg K] | [kJ/kg K] |
| 32.2 | 40.0 | 1.007 | 4.217 | 40.032 | 1.008 | 4.220 |
| 40 | 39.9 | 1.005 | 4.208 | 39.916 | 1.005 | 4.208 |
| 50 | 39.8 | 1.001 | 4.191 | 39.801 | 1.002 | 4.196 |
| 60 | 39.6 | 0.996 | 4.169 | 39.739 | 1.001 | 4.189 |
| 80 | 39.2 | 0.986 | 4.128 | 39.660 | 0.999 | 4.181 |
| 100 | 38.7 | 0.975 | 4.082 | 39.643 | 0.998 | 4.179 |
| 120 | 38.3 | 0.963 | 4.033 | 39.662 | 0.999 | 4.181 |
| 140 | 37.7 | 0.950 | 3.977 | 39.702 | 1.000 | 4.185 |
| 160 | 37.2 | 0.937 | 3.923 | 39.761 | 1.001 | 4.191 |
| 180 | 36.7 | 0.923 | 3.865 | 39.835 | 1.003 | 4.199 |
| 200 | 36.1 | 0.909 | 3.805 | 39.927 | 1.005 | 4.209 |
| 212 | 35.7 | 0.900 | 3.768 | 39.993 | 1.007 | 4.216 |
| 220 | 35.5 | 0.895 | 3.745 | 40.042 | 1.008 | 4.221 |
| 240 | 35.0 | 0.880 | 3.686 | 40.186 | 1.012 | 4.236 |
| 260 | 34.4 | 0.867 | 3.629 | 40.364 | 1.016 | 4.255 |
| 280 | 33.9 | 0.854 | 3.574 | 40.580 | 1.022 | 4.278 |
| 300 | 33.4 | 0.841 | 3.522 | 40.838 | 1.028 | 4.305 |
| 350 | 32.3 | 0.813 | 3.404 | 41.685 | 1.050 | 4.394 |
| 400 | 31.3 | 0.789 | 3.302 | 42.902 | 1.080 | 4.522 |
| 450 | 30.4 | 0.767 | 3.209 | 44.009 | 1.108 | 4.639 |
| 500 | 29.7 | 0.748 | 3.130 | 47.296 | 1.191 | 4.986 |
| 550 | 28.8 | 0.725 | 3.035 | 51.318 | 1.292 | 5.410 |
| 600 | 28.3 | 0.713 | 2.987 | 59.690 | 1.503 | 6.292 |
| 625 | 28.4 | 0.716 | 2.997 | 66.611 | 1.677 | 7.022 |
| 650 | 28.9 | 0.728 | 3.047 | 82.851 | 2.086 | 8.734 |
| 675 | 29.9 | 0.754 | 3.156 | 126.670 | 3.189 | 13.353 |
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