Gas and Compressed Air
Gas properties, capacities of pipelines, sizing of relief valves - air, LNG, LPG and more
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Air - Absolute and Kinematic Viscosity
Absolute and kinematic viscosity of air at temperatures ranging -40 to 1,000 deg C (-40 to 1,500 deg F) at standard atmospheric pressure - in Imperial and SI Units
Air - Altitude, Density and Specific Volume
The density and the specific volume of air varies with the elevation above sea level
Air - Density and Specific Weight
Density and specific weight of air at temperatures ranging -40 to 1,000 deg C (-40 to 1,500 deg F) at standard atmospheric pressure - in Imperial and SI Units
Air - Temperature and Volume
Air temperature and volume correction compared with Normal Air Conditions
Air Compressors - Maximum Air Flow Inlet Pipe
Inlet pipe size and maximum air flow
Air Leakage Through Orifices
Air volume passing through orifices
Air Properties
Air properties - temperature, density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, expansion coefficient, kinematic viscosity and Prandtl number for temperatures between -150oC and 400oC.
Air Properties - Imperial Units
Thermodynamic properties of air at low pressures - in imperial units
Air Tools and Air Consumption
Average air requirements of some common air tools or equipments
Approved Gas Pipe Materials
Materials approved for gas pipes
Boyles Law
Perfect gas and Boyles law
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Capacity of Compressed Air Pipelines
Capacity of compressed air pipelines - applied pressure ranging 5 - 250 psi (0.5 - 17 bar)
Charles Law
Perfect gas and Charles law
Classification of Gases
Classification as Oxidizers, Inert gases and Flammable gases
Compressed Air - Laboratory Demand
Compressed air laboratory demand and diversity
Compressed Air and Glossary of Terms
A glossary of common used terms for compressed air
Compressed Air Pipe Line Fittings - Pressure Drop
Fittings in compressed air pipe lines and equivalent length pressure drop
Compressed Air Pipelines - Online Pressure Drop Calculator
Calculate pressure drop in compressed air pipe lines - online calculator and spreadsheet for download - metric and imperial units
Compressed Air Piping and Pressure Drop Diagrams - Imperial Units
Pressure drop in compressed air pipelines - applied pressure 50, 100 and 150 psi
Compressed Air Pressure Drop Diagrams - Metric Units
Pressure drop in compressed air pipe lines
Compressed Air Pressure Drop Nomograph
Pressure drop in compressed air pipe lines - nomograph diagram
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Compressed Air Quality
Power, instrumentation, process and breathing air
Compressed Air Receivers
Calculating receivers in compressed air systems
Compressed Gas and Air - Storage Volume
Calculate the storage volume of a compressed gas
Compressor Power Costs
Yearly air compressor power costs
Control Valve Sizing Calculator for Gases
An online control valve - Cv - calculator for gases
Daltons Law
Gibbs-Daltons law of partial pressure
Density of Dry Air, Water Vapor and Moist Humid Air
Calculating the density of dry air, water vapor or the mixture of air and water vapor - moist or humid air
Exhaust Piping Vacuum Pumps
Capacity of vacuum pump exhaust pipes
Gas Carrying Capacity of House Piping
Gas carrying capacities for pipes in sizes 1/2" to 8"
Gas Cookers - Marks and Heat
Gas marks on gas cookers and heat developed
Gas Data
An online database with gas properties
Gas Mixture Properties
Special care must be taken for gas mixtures when using the ideal gas law, calculating the mass, the individual gas constant or the density
Gases - Critical Temperatures and Pressures
Critical temperatures and pressures for some common gases - air, alcohol, ether, oxygen and more
Gases - Explosive and Flammability Concentration Limits
Flame and explosion limits for propane, methane, butane, acetylene and other gases
Gases - Specific Gravities
Specific gravity of air, ammonia, butadiene, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and some other common gases
Gases and Densities
Densities and molecular weights of some common gases like acetylene, air, methane, nitrogen, oxygen and many others
Horsepower required to Compress Air
Online horsepower calculator
Ideal Gas Law
In perfect or ideal gas the change in density is directly related to the change of temperature and pressure as expressed by the Ideal Gas Law
Ideal Gas Properties Carbon Dioxide
Enthalpy, Entropy and Internal Energy of Carbon Dioxide
Ideal Gas Properties of Nitrogen
Enthalpy, internal energy and entropy of Nitrogen
Ideal Gas Properties Oxygen
Enthalpy, Internal Energy and Entropy of Oxygen
Length of Relief Valve Vent Line
Equation for calculating length of safety valve vent line
Liquefied Natural Gas - LNG
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
Liquefied Petroleum Gas - LPG
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)
Low Pressure Gas Pipe Sizing
Sizing service gas pipes connecting apartments
LPG - Tanks and Relief Valves Capacities
Relieving capacity for relief valves on LPG vaporizers and tanks
Medical Gas Piping
Medical piping systems
Medical Gases - Piping Dimensions
Dimensions of Copper Tubes for Medical Gases
Methane - Converting between Liquid and Gaseous Units
Convert between common liquid and gaseous methane units
Natural Gas - Pipe Sizing
Sizing low pressure natural gas pipe lines - imperial units
Natural Gas - Pipe Sizing
Sizing pipes with natural gas - for pressure above 5 psi (35 kPa)
Natural Gas - Pipe Sizing
Sizing low pressure natural gas pipe lines - metric values
Natural Gas and Laboratory Diversity
Average use of natural gas in laboratory outlets
Natural Gas Consumption
Natural gas consumption in some common equipment as boiling pans, ovens, cookers, kettles and more
Natural Gas Demand for Multiple Dwellings
Multiple dwellings and probable gas demand - diversivity
Natural Gas Glossary
Natural gas is used extensively in residential, commercial and industrial applications
Natural Gas Glossary with common Terms
A natural gas glossary with common terms used in the natural gas industry
Natural Gas Meter Capacities
Different types of natural gas meters and their capacities
Natural Gas Pipe Size Calculator
Calculate the capacity of natural gas pipe lines
Pascals Laws
Pascals laws relates to the pressure in a fluid
Pneumatic Air Cylinders - Force Exerted Calculator
Pneumatic air cylinders - air pressure and force exerted
Pneumatic Cylinder Velocity
Calculate pneumatic cylinder velocity
Pressure
An introduction to pressure - the definition and presentation of common units as psi and Pa and the relationship between them - online pressure units converter
Pressure and Mass of Water in Saturated Air
Air pressure and content of water in saturated air
Pressure Converter
Convert from kPa to psi and inches of Water and Mercury
Pressure Drop in Vacuum Pipe Lines
Vacuum pipes and pressure drop
Pressure Loss in Compressed Air Pipe Lines
Pressure drop in compressed air pipe lines
Propane - Air Mixture
Energy content and specific gravity of propane - air mixtures
Propane - Latent Heat of Vaporization
Latent heat of propane vaporization
Propane Butane Mix Evaporation Pressure
The evaporation pressure of a Propane Butane mixture
Propane Gas - Pipe Sizing
Sizing low pressure propane gas pipe lines - imperial units
Propane Gas - Pipe Sizing
Sizing low pressure propane gas pipe lines - metric units
Propane Gas - Pipe Sizing
Sizing pipes with propane gas - for pressure above 5 psig (35 kPa)
Pumps, Compressors, Blowers and Fans
Comparing pumps, compressors, blowers and fans
Rating of Air Compressors and Air Equipment
The most common terms rating air flow capacity are ICFM, FAD, ANR, SCFM or nl/min
Safety Valves and Relief Capacity
Maximum safety valves free air relief capacity
Safety Valves in Gas Systems
Calculate relief valves in gas and vapor systems
SCFM versus ACFM versus ICFM
Actual air compressor capacity (ACFM) versus standard air capacity (SCFM) and inlet air capacity (ICFM)
Single-Acting Pneumatic Piston - Air Volume Used
Air volume used by single-acting pistons
Specific Heat Ratio of Air
Specific Heat Ratio of air at temperatures from -40 to 1.000oC (-40 to 1.500oF) at standard atmospheric pressure - in Imperial and SI Units
Speed of Sound in Air
Speed of sound in air at temperatures from -40 to 1.000oC (-40 to 1.500oF) at standard atmospheric pressure - in Imperial and SI Units
Steam and Vapor Enthalpy
Introduction and definition of vapor and steam enthalpy. Specific enthalpy of saturated liquid, saturated vapor and superheated vapor
The Individual and Universal Gas Constant
The Individual and Universal Gas Constant in fluid mechanics and thermodynamics
Types of Air Compressors
Reciprocating, rotary screw and rotary centrifugal air compressors
Underground Natural Gas Pipes - Minimum Cover
Burial dept and minimum cover of natural gas pipes
Vacuum
Vacuum is defined as air pressure below atmospheric pressure
Vacuum - Expanded Air Ratio
Converting standard air volume flow to actual air volume flow
Vacuum - Required Evacuation Time
Calculating flow rate and evacuation time of vacuum pumps
Vacuum and Flow Measurement
Measuring volume flow in vacuum
Vacuum in %, torr, mm Mercury, psi and kPa
A vacuum converting table between - % - mm Mercury - psi - torr - micron - kPa
Vapor and Steam
An introduction to vapor and steam
Vapor Pressure
Saturation pressure - exerted by escaping molecules
Velocities in Vacuum pipes
Vacuum pipes - air velocity diagram
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