Electrical

Amps and electrical wiring, AWG - wire gauge, electrical formulas, motors and units

Amps and Wire Gauge - 12V Circuit

Maximum current - amps - through a 12V circuit in combination with size (AWG) and length of wire

Asynchronous Motors - Electrical Data

Electrical motor data - nominal current, fuse, start ampere, contactor and circuit breaker of asynchronous motors

AWG - American Wire Gauge and Circular Mils

American Wire Gauge - AWG - and circular mils

AWG to square mm Wire Gauge Conversion

Convert American Wire Gauge (AWG) to square mm cross sectional area

CE Marking

Before products are sold within the European - EU - market, they have to be "CE-marked"

Circuit Wiring - Single Phase (230V) Electrical Motors

Recommended copper wire gage and transformer size for single phase - 230 Volts - electrical motors

Circuit Wiring - Three Phase (230 & 460V) Electrical Motors

Recommended copper wire gage and transformer size for Three Phase - 230 & 460V - electrical motors

CM - Circular Mil Area

The circular mil area - CM - is a unit denoting the cross-sectional size of a wire or cable

Converting Ampere between Single Phase and 3 Phase

Converting amperage between single phase (120, 240 and 480 Voltage) and three phase (240 and 480 Voltage)

Converting from NEMA to IEC Enclosure Classifications

Converting from NEMA enclosure classifications to IEC enclosure classifications

Electrical Formulas

The most common used electrical formulas - Ohms Law and their combinations

Electrical Motor Calculator

Online electrical motor calculator - calculate amps, hp and kVA

Electrical Motor Efficiency

Calculating electric motor efficiencies

Electrical Motor Locked Rotor Indicating Code Letters

Indicating locked rotor code letters for electrical motors

Electrical Motors and Heat Loss

Heat gain from electrical motors to the surroundings

Electrical Units

Definition of common electrical units as Ampere, Volt, Ohm, Siemens and more.

Frequency and Speed of Electrical Motors

The velocity of 2, 4, 6 and 8 poles electrical motors at 50 Hz and 60 Hz

IEC - NEMA Standard Torques

Comparing IEC and NEMA torque classifications of electrical motors

IEC Duty Cycles

The eight - S1 - S8 - IEC duty cycles of operating electrical motors

IP - Ingress Protection Ratings

IP - Ingress Protection rating is used to specify the environmental protection - electrical enclosure - of electrical equipment

KVA

Apparent, True Applied and Reactive Power

Lights - Installed Power

Installed light power in some common types of buildings and rooms

NEMA - National Electrical Manufacturers Association

National Electrical Manufacturers Association

NEMA A, B, C and D Design

NEMA has established four different designs - A, B, C and D - for electrical induction motors

NEMA Electrical Enclosure Types

General description of NEMA electrical enclosures types

NEMA Enclosure Standards of Electrical Motors

The NEMA enclosure standards of electrical motors

NEMA Insulation Classes

Insulation systems are rated by standard NEMA classifications according to maximum allowable operating temperatures

Nema Starters

Nema size starters

Online Wire Gauge - AWG - Calculator

Calculate AWG, mil, mm, CM or square mm

Power and Horsepower in Electrical Motors

Electrical power is rated in Horsepower or Watts.

Power Factor for a Three-Phase Electrical Motor

A Power Factor definition and the Power Factor for a three-phase electrical motor

Rechargeable Batteries

Properties of rechargeable batteries or accumulators

Resistivity, Conductivity and Temperature Coefficients for some Common Materials

Resistivity, conductivity and temperature coefficients for some common materials as silver, gold, platinum, iron and more. Including a tutorial explanation of resistivity and conductivity

Service Factor

The service factor - SF - is a measure of periodically overload capacity at which a motor can operate without overload or damage

Single Phase Power Equations

Electrical single phase equations

Slip in Electrical Induction Motors

Slip in electrical induction motors are necessary for torque generation.

Speed of Electrical Motors with operating Loads

The speed of operating electrical motors with loads, are lower than the motors synchronous speed (no load)

Synchronous Speed of Electrical Motors

The speed at which an induction motor will operate depends on the input power frequency and the number of electrical magnetic poles in the motor

Three Phase Power Equations

Electrical 3-phase equations

Torques in Electrical Motors

There are some common torques used to describe and classify electrical motors

Transients

A transient is a high voltage spike caused by external or internal transient sources

Variable-Frequency Drives - Heat Loss and Ventilation

A variable-frequency drive develops heat loss during work. To avoid overheating its often necessary to ventilate the location around the frequency-drive

Voltage Imbalance and Derating Factor in Polyphase Motors

The efficiency of an electrical polyphase motor decreases with increased voltage imbalance.

Wire Gauges

The common US wire gauges - AWG gauges

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