Transformer

Ideal transformer

A transformer transfers electrical energy from one electric circuit to another through inductively coupled conductors. When the current in the primary₁ circuit changes, a changing magnetic field will induce a changing voltage in the secondary₂ circuit.

For an ideal transformer the induced voltage and current can be expressed as

V₁ / V₂ = N₁ / N₂ = I₂ / I₁         (1)

where

V = potential difference (Voltage)

N = number of turns of wire

I = current (Amps)

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