Paraffins and Alkanes - Combustion Properties
For full table with Maximum Flame Speed, Adiabatic Flame Temperature, Ignition Temperature, Flash Point and Flammable Limits LEL UEL - rotate the screen!
| Paraffin or Alkanes | Chemical Formula | Higher Heating Value (Btu/lbm) | Air/Fuel Ratio | Maximum Flame Speed (ft/s) | Adiabatic Flame Temperature (oF) | Ignition Temperature (oF) | Flash Point (oF) | Flammability Limits | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEL | UEL | ||||||||
| Ethane | C2H6 | 22323 | 15.899 | 1.3 | 3540 | 968 - 1166 | *) | 3.0 | 12.5 |
| n-Butane | C4H10 | 21321 | 14.984 | 1.2 | 3583 | 761 | -76 | 1.9 | 8.4 |
| iso-Butane | C4H10 | 21271 | 14.984 | 1.2 | 3583 | 864 | -117 | 1.8 | 8.4 |
| n-Heptane | C7H16 | 20854 | 14.141 | 1.3 | 3985 | 433 | 25 | 1.0 | 6.0 |
| n-Hexane | C6H14 | 20966 | 15.238 | 1.3 | 4030 | 478 | -7 | 1.3 | 7.0 |
| Methane | CH4 | 23875 | 17.195 | 1.1 | 3484 | 1301 | *) | 5.0 | 15.0 |
| Neopentane | C5H12 | 20978 | 15.323 | 1.1 | 4060 | 842 | *) | 1.4 | 7.2 |
| Neohexane | C6H14 | 20931 | 15.238 | 1.2 | 4055 | 797 | -54 | 1.2 | 7.6 |
| n-Octane | C8H18 | 20796 | 15.093 | 428 | 56 | 0.9 | 3.2 | ||
| iso-Octane | C8H18 | 20770 | 15.093 | 1.1 | 837 | 10 | 0.8 | 5.9 | |
| n-Pentane | C5H12 | 21095 | 15.323 | 1.3 | 4050 | 588 | < -40 | 1.4 | 7.8 |
| iso-Pentane | C5H12 | 21047 | 15.323 | 1.2 | 4055 | 788 | < - 60 | 1.3 | 9.2 |
| Propane | C3H8 | 21669 | 15.246 | 1.3 | 3573 | 871 | *) | 2.1 | 10.1 |
*) gas
- LEL - Lower Explosive or Flammable Limit
- UEL - Upper Explosive or Flammable Limit
- 1 ft/s = 0.3048 m/s
- T (oC) = 5/9 (T (oF) - 32)
- 1 Btu/lbm = 2,326.1 J/kg = 0.55556 kcal/kg
Related Topics
• Combustion
Combustion processes and their efficiency. Boiler house and chimney topics. Properties of fuels like oil, gas, coal and wood and more. Safety valves and tanks.
Related Documents
Combustion Efficiency and Excess Air
Optimizing boilers efficiency is important to minimize fuel consumption and unwanted excess to the environment.
Combustion Heat
Heat of combustion (energy content) for som common substances - with examples how to calculate heat of combustion.
Combustion of Fuels - Carbon Dioxide Emission
Environmental emission of carbon dioxide CO2 when combustion fuels like coal, oil, natural gas, LPG and bio energy.
Combustion Testing
Combusting testing of fuel oil and gas burners.
Food - Calorific Combustion Values
Combustion heat values of some foods.
Fuel Gases - Combustion Values
Combustion values for fuel gases like natural gas, propane and butane - Btu per cubic feet.
Fuel Oil Combustion Values
Combustion values in Btu/gal for fuel oils No.1 to No.6.
Fuels - Combustion Air and Flue Gases
Combustion air and flue gas for common fuels - coke, oil, wood, natural gas and more.
Fuels Flue Gases - Average Dew Points
Flue gas dew point temperatures for some fuels.
Gross Combustion Values for some common Materials
Gross combustion values for materials like - carbon, methane, ethylene and more - values in Btu/lb.
High and Low Heat Values
The gross (high) and net (low) heating values.
Higher Calorific Values of Common Fuels: Reference & Data
Higher and lower calorific values (heating values) for fuels like coke, oil, wood, hydrogen and others.
Intermittent Combustion and Boiler Efficiency
Efficiency reduction due to intermittent boiler operation.
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Emission from Fuels
Emission of Nitrogen Oxides - NOx - with combustion of fuels like oil, coal, propane and more.
Optimal Combustion Processes - Fuel vs. Excess Air
Stable and efficient combustion requires correct mixture of fuels and oxygen.
Wood - Combustion Heat Values
Combustion of wood and firewood heat values for species like Pine, Elm, Hickory and more.