Fuels - Combustion Air and Flue Gases
Combustion air and flue gas for some common fuel gases, solids and fluids:
For full table with Theoretical Flue Gas - rotate the screen!
| Fuel | Theoretical air for combustion2) | Theoretical flue gas2) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solids | (m3/kg) | (ft3/lb) | (m3/kg) | (ft3/lb) |
| Anthracite | 9.4 | 150 | 9.5 | 152 |
| Bituminous coal | 6.9 | 110 | 7 | 112 |
| Charcoal | 8.4 | 134 | 8.4 | 135 |
| Coke | 8.4 | 134 | 8 | 135 |
| Lignite | 5.7 | 92 | 8.4 | 93 |
| Peat | 5.7 | 92 | 5.9 | 94 |
| Semi anthracite | 8.4 | 135 | 8.6 | 137 |
| Wood (dry) | 4.4 | 70 | 5 | 80 |
| Gas | (m3air/m3fuel) | (ft3air/ft3fuel) | (m3gas/m3fuel) 1) |
(ft3gas/ft3fuel) 1) |
| Butane C4H10 | 31 | 31 | 33.4 | 33.4 |
| Natural gas | 9.5 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 10.5 |
| Propane C3H8 | 23.8 | 23.8 | 25.8 | 25.8 |
| Fluids | (m3air/literfuel) | (ft3air/galfuel) | (m3air/literfuel) | (ft3air/galfuel) |
| Gas oil |
9.8 |
1570 | 10.4 | 1670 |
| Heavy fuel oil | 10.8 | 1730 | 11.6 | 1860 |
1) Combustion of a fuel gas creates a flue gas with higher density than the fuel gas and the combustion air. Check stoichiometric combustion.
2) Volume at standard pressure
Related Topics
• Combustion
Combustion processes and their efficiency. Boiler house and chimney topics. Properties of fuels like oil, gas, coal and wood and more. Safety valves and tanks.
• HVAC Systems
Design and sizing of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning systems.
Related Documents
Air Supply to a Boiler House
Incomplete boiler combustion may generate carbon monoxide - CO - and re-ignition may cause disastrous effects on personnel and property.
Alternative Fuels - Properties
Properties of alternative fuels like biodiesel, E85, CNG and more.
ASTM Standard - Volume 05.06 Gaseous Fuels, Coal and Coke
An overview of ASTM Section 5 - Petroleum Products, Lubricants, and Fossil Fuels - Volume 05.06 Gaseous Fuels, Coal and Coke.
Combustion Appliances - Exhaust Temperatures
Exhaust and outlet temperatures fuels like natural gas, liquefied petroleum, diesel and more.
Combustion of Fuels - Carbon Dioxide Emission
Environmental emission of carbon dioxide CO2 when combustion fuels like coal, oil, natural gas, LPG and bio energy.
Flue Gases - Dew Point Temperatures
Flue gas dew point temperatures and condensation of water vapor.
Fuel Gases - Combustion Values
Combustion values for fuel gases like natural gas, propane and butane - Btu per cubic feet.
Fuels - Boiling Points
Fuels and their boiling points.
Fuels - Densities and Specific Volumes
Densities and specific volumes fuels like anthracite, butane, gasoil, diesel, coke, oil, wood and more.
Fuels - Higher and Lower Calorific Values
Higher and lower calorific values (heating values) for fuels like coke, oil, wood, hydrogen and others.
Fuels and Chemicals - Autoignition Temperatures
Autoignition points for fuels and chemicals like butane, coke, hydrogen, petroleum and more.
Fuels Flue Gases - Average Dew Points
Flue gas dew point temperatures for some fuels.
Gaseous Fuels - Chemical Composition
Chemical composition of gaseous fuels like coal gas, natural gas, propane and more.
Heating Fuels - Cost Comparing
Cost comparison formulas for heating fuels like Natural Gas, Propane LP Gas, Fuel Oil and Electricity.
Optimal Combustion Processes - Fuel vs. Excess Air
Stable and efficient combustion requires correct mixture of fuels and oxygen.
Paraffins and Alkanes - Combustion Properties
Properties like heat values, air/fuel ratios, flame speed, flame temperatures, ignition temperatures, flash points and flammability limits.
Propane - Density and Specific Weight vs. Temperature and Pressure
Online calculator, figures and tables showing density and specific weight of propane, C3H8, at temperatures ranging from -187 to 725 °C (-305 to 1300 °F) at atmospheric and higher pressure - Imperial and SI Units.
Stoichiometric Combustion
Stoichiometric combustion and excess air.