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Liquids - Vapor Pressures

Vapor and saturation pressure for some common liquids.

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The vapor pressure of a liquid is defined as the pressure exerted by the molecules that escapes from the liquid to form a separate vapor phase above the liquid surface.

The pressure exerted by the vapor phase is called the

  • vapor or saturation pressure

Vapor or saturation pressure depends on temperature.

If a fluid consist of more than one component (a solution), components with

  • higher vapor pressure are called light components
  • lower vapor pressure are called heavy components

Temperature and Vapor or Saturation Pressure for some common Fluids

At atmospheric pressure saturation temperature of  

  • water : 100 oC  (212 oF)
  • ethyl alcohol : 78.5 oC (173 oF)

Liquids - Vapor Pressure

Approximate vapor pressure for temperatures in the range 20 oC - 25 oC (68 oF - 77 oF).

Fluid NameVapor Pressure
(kPa)
Acetaldehyde 120
Acetic acid 2.1
Acetic acid anhydride 0.68
Acetone 30
Allyl alcohol 2.3
Allyl chloride 40
Aluminum nitrate, 10% solution in water 2.4
Aluminum sulphate, 10% solution in water 2.4
Amyl acetate 0.47
Aniline 0.09
Beer 2.4
Benzene 14
Benzyl alcohol 0.013
Bromine 28
Butyl acetate 1.5
Butyl alcohol, 1-butanol 0.93
Butyric acid n 0.43
Calcium chloride, 25% solution in water 2.4
Calcium chloride, 5% solution in water 2.4
Carbon disulphide 48
Carbon tetrachloride 15.3
Chloroform 26
Cyclohexanol 0.9
Cyclohexanone 0.67
Ethyl acetate 14
Ethyl alcohol 12.4
Ethyl glycol 0.7
Ethylene glycol 0.007
Formic acid 5.7
Furfurol, 2-Furaldehyde 0.3
Heptane 6
Hexane 17.6
Isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol) 4.4
Kerosene 0.7
Methyl acetate 28.8
Methyl alcohol, methanol 16.9
Methylene chloride, dichloromethane 58
Milk 2.4
Nitrobenzene 0.03
Nonane 0.6
Octane 1.9
Pentane 58
Phenol 0.05
Propanol 2.8
Propionic acid 0.47
Sea water 2.4
Sodium chloride, 25% solution in water 2.4
Sodium hydroxide, 20% solution in water 2.4
Sodium hydroxide, 30% solution in water 2.4
Styrene 0.85
Tetrachloroethane 0.7
Tetrachloroethylene 2.5
Toluene 3.8
Trichloroethylene 9.2
Water 2.4
  • 1 kPa = 103 Pa = 0.145 psi
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  • Engineering ToolBox, (2006). Liquids - Vapor Pressures. [online] Available at: https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/vapor-pressure-d_312.html [Accessed Day Mo. Year].

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