Thermodynamics

Air and Steam Mixture

With air in the steam the surface temperatures in heat exchangers will be lower - less heat than excepted will be transferred

Arithmetic and Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference

Arithmetic Mean Temperature Difference - AMTD - and Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference - LMTD - formulas with examples - Online Mean Temperature Calculator

Boiler Capacity

It is common to express the output of steam boilers in Boiler Horsepower, MBTU or in Pounds of Steam delivered per hour

Boiler Horsepower

Determine boiler horsepower from heat transfer area

Conductive Heat Transfer

Heat transfer takes place as conduction if there is a temperature gradient in a solid or fluid

Cylinder or Pipe - Conductive Heat Loss

Conductive heat loss through cylinder or pipe walls

Electrical Heating of a Mass

Temperature change when mass is electrical heated

Enthalpy Entropy Diagram Steam

Enthalpy and entropy chart for steam

Enthalpy of Superheated Steam

A table with the enthalpy of steam superheated to temperatures above the boiling point with corresponding temperatures

Enthalpy of Wet Steam

Wet steam, dryness fraction and enthalpy

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Entropy of Superheated Steam

A table with the entropy of steam superheated to temperatures above the boiling point with corresponding temperatures

Heat Transferred by Condensing Steam

Calculate heat transferred by condensing steam

Heating Air with Steam

Calculating heating air with steam

Heating Water by Injection Steam

Water can be heated by injecting steam

Humidifying Air with Steam - SI units

The amount of vapor - kg per cubic meter - in humid air

Online Saturated Steam Table Calculator

Online calculator to compute the thermodynamic properties of saturated steam

Overall Heat Transfer Coefficients for some common Fluids and Heat Exchanger Surfaces

Average overall heat transmission coefficients for some common fluids and surface combinations as Water to Air, Water to Water, Air to Air, Steam to Water and more

Power Plant Performance Factors

Power plants and heat rate, thermal efficiency, capacity factor, load factor, economic efficiency, operational efficiency, energy efficiency

Properties of Saturated Steam - Imperial Units

A steam table with sensible, latent and total heat, and specific volume at different gauge pressures and temperatures

Properties of Saturated Steam - Pressure in Bar

The Saturated Steam Table with properties as boiling point, specific volume, density, specific enthalpy, specific heat and latent heat of vaporization

Properties of Saturated Steam - SI Units

A Saturated Steam Table with steam properties as specific volume, density, specific enthalpy and specific entropy

Specific Volume of Wet Steam

Wet steam an specific volume

Steam & Condensate Equations

Steam consumption and condensate generation formulas heating liquids or gas flows

Steam Entropy

Basic steam thermodynamics and the entropy diagram

Steam Flow Rate and kW Rating

Determine the steam flow rate from a kW rating

Steam Heating Processes - Load Calculating

Calculating the amount of steam in non-flow batch and continuous flow heating processes

Steam Viscosity

Steam absolute viscosity at pressures ranging 1 - 10000 psia

Steam and Vapor Enthalpy

Introduction and definition of vapor and steam enthalpy - specific enthalpy of saturated liquid, saturated vapor and superheated vapor

Temperature and Moisture Holding Capacity of Air

The moisture holding capacity of air varies with temperature

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

In a boiler generating steam, impurities in the feedwater concentrates in the boiling water

Vapor and Steam

Introduction to vapor and steam

Water - Evacuation Pressure and Temperature

Evacuation pressures and temperatures to vaporize water

Water Saturation Pressure

Water saturation pressure at temperatures ranging 0 - 100 ^oC and 32 - 700 ^oF - Imperial and SI Units

Water Steam - Critical Point

The level where vapor and liquid are indistinguishable

Wet Steam Quality and the Dryness Fraction

An introduction and definition of vapor or steam quality and dryness fraction. Includes formulas for calculating wet steams enthalpy and specific volume