Pipes - Heat Expansion and Cooling Contraction

Expansion or contraction when heating or cooling cast iron, carbon and carbon molybdenum steel, wrought iron, copper, brass and aluminum pipes

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Piping materials temperature expansion and contraction

Temperature expansion of pipes or tubes with some commonly used materials:

For full table with wrought iron, stainless steel, copper, brass and aluminum - rotate the screen!

Temperature Expansion of Pipes (in/100 ft)
Saturated Steam Pressure¹⁾(psi)	Temperature *(^oF)*	Cast Iron	Carbon and carbon Molybdenum	Wrought Iron	4-6% Cr. Alloy Steel	12% Cr. Stainless Steel	18 Cr. -8Ni Stainless Steel	Copper	Brass	Aluminum 2-S
	-200	-1.058	-1.282	-1.289	-1.250	-1.170	-2.030	-1.955	-2.065	-2.69
	-180	-0.982	-1.176	-1.183	-1.150	-1.070	-1.850	-1.782	-1.890	-2.44
	-160	-0.891	-1.066	-1.073	-1.030	-0.970	-1.670	-1.612	-1.705	-2.18
	-140	-0.797	-0.948	-0.955	-0.970	-0.870	-1.480	-1.428	-1.508	-1.93
	-120	-0.697	-0.826	-0.833	-0.800	-0.750	-1.300	-1.235	-1.308	-1.67
	-100	-0.593	-0.698	-0.705	-0.700	-0.630	-1.100	-1.040	-1.098	-1.40
	-80	-0.481	-0.563	-0.570	-0.550	-0.520	-0.880	-0.835	-0.888	-1.12
	-60	-0.368	-0.428	-0.435	-0.430	-0.400	-0.670	-0.630	-0.673	-0.85
	-40	-0.248	-0.288	-0.295	-0.290	-0.270	-0.450	-0.421	-0.452	-0.58
	-20	-0.127	-0.145	-0.152	-0.145	-0.130	-0.225	-0.210	-0.227	-0.28
	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	20	0.128	0.148	0.180	0.140	0.140	0.223	0.238	0.233	0.32
	32	0.209	0.230	0.280	0.234	0.234	0.356	0.366	0.373	0.50
29.39	40	0.270	0.300	0.350	0.280	0.280	0.446	0.451	0.466	0.63
	60	0.410	0.448	0.540	0.430	0.430	0.669	0.684	0.690	0.93
28.89	80	0.550	0.580	0.710	0.600	0.580	0.892	0.896	0.920	1.24
27.99	100	0.680	0.753	0.887	0.650	0.690	1.115	1.134	1.150	1.53
26.48	120	0.830	0.910	1.058	0.800	0.820	1.338	1.366	1.390	1.84
24.04	140	0.970	1.064	1.240	0.950	0.960	1.545	1.590	1.625	2.15
20.27	160	1.110	1.200	1.420	1.100	1.090	1.784	1.804	1.865	2.46
14.63	180	1.240	1.360	1.580	1.250	1.230	2.000	2.051	2.100	2.77
6.45	200	1.390	1.520	1.750	1.400	1.380	2.230	2.296	2.340	3.08
0	212	1.480	1.610	1.870	1.500	1.460	2.361	2.428	2.467	3.28
2.5	220	1.530	1.680	1.940	1.550	1.510	2.460	2.516	2.580	3.41
10.3	240	1.670	1.840	2.120	1.720	1.650	2.680	2.756	2.830	3.73
20.7	260	1.820	2.020	2.300	1.880	1.790	2.920	2.985	3.070	4.07
34.5	280	1.970	2.180	2.470	2.050	1.930	3.150	3.218	3.315	4.40
52.3	300	2.130	2.350	2.670	2.200	2.080	3.390	3.461	3.565	4.74
74.9	320	2.268	2.530	2.850	2.370	2.220	3.615	3.696	3.820	5.10
103.3	340	2.430	2.700	3.040	2.530	2.360	3.840	3.941	4.065	5.43
138.3	360	2.590	2.880	3.230	2.700	2.510	4.100	4.176	4.350	5.78
180.9	380	2.750	3.060	3.425	2.860	2.670	4.346	4.424	4.610	6.13
232.4	400	2.910	3.230	3.620	3.010	2.820	4.580	4.666	4.870	6.47
293.7	420	3.090	3.421	3.820	3.180	2.980	4.800	4.914	5.150	6.84
366.1	440	3.250	3.595	4.020	3.350	3.130	5.050	5.154	5.400	7.19
451.3	460	3.410	3.784	4.200	3.530	3.290	5.300	5.408	5.680	7.55
550.3	480	3.570	3.955	4.400	3.700	3.450	5.540	5.651	5.950	7.90
664.3	500	3.730	4.151	4.600	3.860	3.600	5.800	5.906	6.220	8.25
795.3	520	3.900	4.342	4.810	4.040	3.760	6.050	6.148	6.500	8.61
945.3	540	4.080	4.525	5.020	4.200	3.930	6.280	6.410	6.780	8.98

¹⁾ Vacuum in degree below 212^oF, psi gauge above 212^oF

T(^oC) = 5/9[T(^oF) - 32]
1 in (inch) = 25.4 mm
1 ft (foot) = 0.3048 m

Pipes - Heat Expansion and Cooling Contraction

Expansion or contraction when heating or cooling cast iron, carbon and carbon molybdenum steel, wrought iron, copper, brass and aluminum pipes

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