Minor Loss Coefficients in Pipes and Tubes Components
Minor loss coefficients for common used components in pipe and tube systems
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Minor head loss in pipe and tube systems can be expressed as
hminor_loss = ξ v2/ (2 g) (1)
where
hminor_loss = minor head loss (m, ft)
v = flow velocity (m/s, ft/s)
g = acceleration of gravity (9.81 m/s2, 32.17 ft/s2)
Minor loss coefficients for some of the most common used components in pipe and tube systems
| Type of Component or Fitting | Minor Loss Coefficient - ξ - |
|---|---|
| Tee, Flanged, Dividing Line Flow | 0.2 |
| Tee, Threaded, Dividing Line Flow | 0.9 |
| Tee, Flanged, Dividing Branched Flow | 1.0 |
| Tee, Threaded , Dividing Branch Flow | 2.0 |
| Union, Threaded | 0.08 |
| Elbow, Flanged Regular 90o | 0.3 |
| Elbow, Threaded Regular 90o | 1.5 |
| Elbow, Threaded Regular 45o | 0.4 |
| Elbow, Flanged Long Radius 90o | 0.2 |
| Elbow, Threaded Long Radius 90o | 0.7 |
| Elbow, Flanged Long Radius 45o | 0.2 |
| Return Bend, Flanged 180o | 0.2 |
| Return Bend, Threaded 180o | 1.5 |
| Globe Valve, Fully Open | 10 |
| Angle Valve, Fully Open | 2 |
| Gate Valve, Fully Open | 0.15 |
| Gate Valve, 1/4 Closed | 0.26 |
| Gate Valve, 1/2 Closed | 2.1 |
| Gate Valve, 3/4 Closed | 17 |
| Swing Check Valve, Forward Flow | 2 |
| Ball Valve, Fully Open | 0.05 |
| Ball Valve, 1/3 Closed | 5.5 |
| Ball Valve, 2/3 Closed | 200 |
| Diaphragm Valve, Open | 2.3 |
| Diaphragm Valve, Half Open | 4.3 |
| Diaphragm Valve, 1/4 Open | 21 |
| Water meter | 7 |
Example - Minor Loss in a Ball Valve 1/3 Closed
The minor loss in a ball valve with flow velocity 2 m/s can be calculated
hminor_loss = (5.5) (2 m/s)2/ (2 (9.81 m/s2))
= 1.1 m
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