Heat Loss and Insulation
Heat loss from pipes, tubes and tanks - with and without insulation - foam, fiberglass, rockwool and more.
Arithmetic and Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference
Arithmetic Mean Temperature Difference in Heat Exchangers - AMTD - and Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference - LMTD - formulas with examples - Online Mean Temperature Calculator.
Conductive Heat Transfer
Conductive heat transfer takes place in a solid if there is a temperature gradient.
Convective Heat Transfer
Heat transfer between a solid and a moving fluid is called convection. This is a short tutorial about convective heat transfer.
Copper Tubes - Heat Losses
Heat loss from uninsulated copper tubes vs. temperature differences between tube and air.
Copper Tubes - Uninsulated Heat Losses
Heat loss from uninsulated copper pipes - dimensions ranging 1/2 - 4 inches.
Insulated Copper Tubes - Heat Loss
Heat loss to surrounding air from insulated copper tubes.
Insulation Materials - Operating Temperature Limits
Temperature limits for commonly used insulation materials.
Oil Tanks - Heat Loss
Heat loss from lagged and unlagged, sheltered and exposed oil tanks.
Overall Heat Transfer Coefficients
Walls or heat exchangers - calculate overall heat transfer coefficients.
Perlite Insulation
Thermal conductivity - k-values - vs. temperature.
Pipes - Bare Surface Heat Loss
Heat loss vs. surface temperature.
Pipes - Insulated Heat Loss Diagrams
Heat loss (W/m) from 1/2 to 6 inches insulated pipes - ranging insulation thickness 10 to 80 mm and temperature differences 20 to 180 oC.
Pipes - Insulated Heat Loss Diagrams
Heat loss (W/ft) diagrams for 1/2 to 6 inches insulated pipes - ranging insulation thickness 0.5 to 4 inches and temperature differences 50 to 350 oF.
Pipes and Cylinders - Conductive Heat Losses
Conductive heat losses through cylinder or pipe walls.
Piping - Recommended Insulation Thickness
Recommended insulation thickness for heating systems like hot water and low, medium or high pressure steam systems.
Polyurethane Insulation
Thermal conductivity - k-values - vs. temperature.
Radiation - Surfaces Emissivity Coefficients
Radiation emissivity of common materials like water, ice, snow, grass and more.
Radiation Heat Transfer
Heat transfer due to emission of electromagnetic waves is known as thermal radiation.
Steam Pipes - Heat Losses
The amount of condensate generated in a steam pipe depends on the heat loss from the pipe to the surroundings.
Steel Pipes - Heat Loss Diagram
Heat loss from steel pipes and tubes - dimensions 1/2 to 12 inches.
Submerged Coils - Heat Transfer Coefficients
Heat transfer coefficients for steam and hot water coils submerged in oil tanks.
