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Law of Cosines

One side of a triangle when the opposite angle and two sides are known.

The "Law of Cosines" can be used to calculate one side of a triangle when the angle opposite and the other two sides are known.

The "Law of Cosines" can be expressed as

$$c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2 a b cos C \tag{1}$$

where

a, b and c = length of triangle sides (m, ft ..)

C = angle opposite side c (degrees)

Example - Calculate Side in Triangle

If side a = 1 m, side b = 1.3 m and angle C = 60 degrees - the side c can be calculated by modifying eq. 1 to

$$c = \sqrt{ (1 m)^2 + (1.3 m)^2 - 2 (1 m) (1.3 m) cos (60 degrees) } = \underline{1.18} m$$

Law of Cosines Calculator

The generic calculator below can used to calculate the side c:

a (m, ft ....)

b (m, ft ....)

C (degrees)

Related Topics

• Mathematics - Mathematical rules and laws - numbers, areas, volumes, exponents, trigonometric functions and more.

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Temperature

oC
oF

Length

m
km
in
ft
yards
miles
naut miles

Area

m2
km2
in2
ft2
miles2
acres

Volume

m3
liters
in3
ft3
us gal

Weight

kgf
N
lbf

Velocity

m/s
km/h
ft/min
ft/s
mph
knots

Pressure

Pa (N/m2)
bar
mm H2O
kg/cm2
psi
inches H2O

Flow

m3/s
m3/h
US gpm
cfm

9 1