Fluid Flow and Pressure Drop

Boiling Fluids - Recommended Suction Flow Velocity

Recommended flow velocity for the pump suction side

CTS CPVC Tubes - Friction Loss and Flow Velocity

Friction loss and flow velocity for CTS (Copper Tube Size) CPVC pipe

Capacity of Sewer Pipes

Carrying capacity of sewer and wastewater pipes - gpm and liter per second

Comparing Friction Loss in Steel, Copper and Plastic Pipes

Water flow and friction head loss (ft/100 ft) - steel, copper and PVC plastic pipes

Comparing Secondary Coolants

Specific gravity, freezing points and viscosity for secondary coolants like calcium chloride, sodium chloride, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol

Darcy-Weisbach Equation for Pressure and Head Loss

The Darcy-Weisbach formula can be used to calculate pressure or head loss due to friction in ducts, pipes and tubes

Download ANSI, American National Standards Institute, Standards

ANSI is a private, not-for-profit, membership organization that acts not as a standards developer, but as a standards coordinating and approval body

Dynamic, Absolute and Kinematic Viscosity

An introduction to dynamic, absolute and kinematic viscosity and how to convert between CentiStokes (cSt), CentiPoises (cP), Saybolt Universal Seconds (SSU), degree Engler and more

Equation of Continuity

The Equation of Continuity is a statement of mass conservation

Equation of Mechanical Energy

The equation of mechanical energy in terms of Energy per Unit Mass, Energy per Unit Volume and Energy per Unit Weight involving head

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Equivalent Length Copper Pipe Fittings

Equivalent length in feet of straight pipe for copper pipe fittings

Equivalent Pipe Length Method - Calculating Pressure Loss in Piping Systems

Calculating pressure loss in piping systems with the Equivalent Pipe Length Method

Flow Units Converter

Convert between volume flow units - gpm, liter/sec, cfm, m³/h - online flow unit converter

Friction Loss Pressfit Pipes

Pressfit piping and water friction loss

Friction Loss Viscous Liquids

Friction loss in steel pipes - viscosities ranging 32 - 80000 SSU

Friction Loss Viscous Liquids

Friction loss in schedule 40 steel pipe with viscous liquids with viscosity from water to 1500 SSU

Gas Carrying Capacities House Piping

Carrying capacities for gas pipes

Hazen-Williams Equation - calculating Friction Head Loss in Water Pipes

Friction head loss (ft_H2O per 100 ft pipe) in water pipes can be estimated by using the empirical Hazen-Williams equation

Heat Carrying Capacity of Copper Tube

Hot water heat carrying capacity of copper tube type L

Heating Systems - Steel Pipe Pressure Loss Diagram

Steel pipes and tubes - pressure loss diagram hot water heating systems

Hydraulic Diameter

Hydraulic diameter of ducts and tubes

LPG Pipeline Pressure Drop

Resistance in liquid LPG pipes

Light Oils - Recommended Suction Flow Velocity

Recommended flow velocity for the pump suction side

Lined Pipes - Pressure Loss Diagram

Pressure drop diagrams for PTFE, PP, PFA and PVDF-lined pipes

Liquids - Densities

Densities of some common liquids - acetone, beer, oil, water and more

Low Pressure Gas Pipe Sizing

Sizing apartments service gas pipe lines

Major loss in Ducts, Tubes and Pipes

Major loss - head loss or pressure loss - due to friction in ducts, pipes and tubes

Minor Loss Coefficients in Pipes and Tubes Components

Minor loss coefficients for common used components in pipe and tube systems

Minor Loss in Pipe or Duct Components

Minor loss, pressure or head loss in pipe, tube and duct system components

Natural Gas - Pipe Sizing

Sizing low pressure natural gas pipe lines - metric values

Natural Gas - Pipe Sizing

Sizing pipes with natural gas - for pressure above 5 psi (35 kPa)

Natural Gas - Pipe Sizing

Sizing low pressure natural gas pipe lines - imperial units

Oil Pipes - Recommended Flow Velocities

Flow velocities in oil pipes should be kept within certain limits

Online Fluid Flow Calculator

For laminar and turbulent flow

PVC - Equivalent Length Friction Loss in Fittings

Minor loss for PVC and CPVC fittings in equivalent length of straight pipe

PVC Pipe Schedule 40 - Friction loss and Velocity Diagram

Friction loss (psi/100 ft) and velocity for water flow in plastic PVC pipe schedule 40

PVC Pipes - Friction Loss and Flow Velocity - Schedule 40

Water flow in thermoplastic PVC and CPVC pipes Schedule 40 - friction loss (ft/100 ft, psi/100 ft) and flow velocities at dimensions from 1/2 inch to 16 inches

PVC Pipes - Friction Loss and Flow Velocity - Schedule 80

Water flow in thermoplastic PVC and CPVC pipes Schedule 80 - friction loss (ft/100 ft, psi/100 ft) and flow velocities at dimensions from 1/2 inch to 16 inches

Pipe Fluid Flow Velocity

Calculate fluid flow and pipe velocity

Plastic Pipes - Friction Head Loss

Friction head loss (ft/100 ft) in plastic pipes, PVC, PP, PE, PEH

Pneumatic Powder and Solids - Transport Systems

Pneumatic transport systems may be suited to move powder and other solid products

Pneumatic Transport Fundamentals

A fundamental introduction for pneumatic transport of powders

Pneumatics - Pressure Loss in Pipes

Pressure drop in tubes ranging 5 to 36 mm

Pneumatics - Solid Transport Carrying Velocities

Air carrying velocities for solid transport of products as cement, coal, flour and more

Polyethylene - PE Pipes - Pressure Drops

Water flow in SDR pressure rated pipes - pressure loss and velocity tables - imperial and SI units

Pressfit Pipes - Pressure Loss Diagram

Water pressure loss diagram pressfit piping

Pressure Drop Diagram PE, PEH and PVC Pipes

A diagram with pressure drop (bar/100 m) and velocity for PE, PEH and PVC pipes

Pressure Drop in Oil Pipes

Pressure drop in oil pipes - viscosity ranging 100 - 600 Saybolt Universal Seconds

Pressure Loss in Schedule 40 Steel Pipes

Water flow and pressure loss in schedule 40 steel pipes - Imperial and SI units - gallons per minute, liters per second and cubic meters per hour

Pressure Loss of Water Due to Friction in Copper Tubes

Pressure Loss (psi/ft) of Water Due to Friction in Copper Tubes Types K, L and M Copper Tube - ASTM B88

Pressure to Head Unit Converter

Converting between common units for pressure and head - lb/in², atm, inches mercury, bars, Pa and more ..

Pressure-Gradient Diagrams

A pressure-gradient diagram is a graphical presentation of the static pressure throughout a fluid flow system

Propane Gas - Pipe Sizing

Sizing pipes with propane gas - for pressure above 5 psig (35 kPa)

Propane Gas - Pipe Sizing

Sizing low pressure propane gas pipe lines - metric units

Propane Gas - Pipe Sizing

Sizing low pressure propane gas pipe lines - imperial units

Pumping Boiling Liquids - Delivery Flow Velocities

Recommended flow velocity required on the delivery side of the pump in systems with boiling liquids

Pumping Light Oils - Delivery Flow Velocities

Recommended flow velocity required for light oil systems on the delivery side of the pump

Recommended Delivery Flow Velocity of Viscous Liquids

Normal flow velocities on the delivery side of the pump in viscous systems

Resistance and Equivalent Length of Fittings

Equivalent length of fittings like bends, returns, tees and valves in hot water heating systems - equivalent length in feet and meter

Reynolds Number

An introduction and definition of the dimensionless Reynolds Number - with online calculators

Slurry Transport and Minimum Flow Velocity

Settling of solids in slurry transport pipes or tubes can be avoided with flow velocities above certain levels

Specific Gravity - Liquids

Specific gravity of some common liquids and fluids as alcohol, oils, benzene, water and many more

Standard Dimension Ratio - SDR

It is common to use the Standard Dimension Ratio - SDR - as method of rating pressure piping

Steel Pipe Schedule 40 - Friction loss and Velocity Diagram

Friction loss and velocity diagrams - in imperial (psi/100 ft, ft/s) and SI (Pa/100m, m/s) units

Steel Pipe Schedule 80 - Friction loss and Velocity Diagram

Water flow in steel pipes schedule 80 - pressure drop and velocity diagrams in SI and Imperial units

Steel Pipes - Maximum Water Flow Capacities

Maximum water flow capacity of steel pipes - dimensions ranging 2 - 24 inches

Suction Flow Velocities of Water

Recommended water flow velocity on suction side of pump

Total Pressure or Head Loss in Pipe or Duct Systems

Major and minor loss in pipe, tubes and duct systems

Vacuum Pipe Lines - Pressure Drops

Vacuum pipes and pressure drops

Viscosity Converting Chart

A converting table between viscosity units like Centiposes, milliPascal, CentiStokes and SSU

Viscous Fluids - Recommended Suction Flow Velocity

Recommended suction flow velocity of viscous fluids

Water - Absolute or Dynamic Viscosity

Absolute, or dynamic viscosity of water in centipoises for temperatures between 32 - 200^oF

Water Delivery Flow Velocities

Required flow velocities in water transport systems - on the delivery side of the pump

Water Flow and Velocity Head in Schedule 40 Steel Pipes

Velocity head is used to calculate minor pressure or head loss in fluid flow systems

Water Flow in Tubes - Reynolds Number

Reynolds Number in pipes transporting clean cold water

Williams Hazens Equation of Pressure Drop

The Hazen-Williams equation can be used to calculate pressure drop (psi) in pipes or tubes due to friction