PVC Pipes - Friction Loss and Flow Velocity - Schedule 40

Water flow in thermoplastic PVC and CPVC pipes Schedule 40 - friction loss (ft/100 ft, psi/100 ft) and flow velocities at dimensions from 1/2 inch to 16 inches

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Friction loss and flow velocity in PVC and CPVC pipes Schedule 40 with water can be found in the table below. The table may be also be used for pipes in other thermoplastic materials where the inner diameter corresponds to PVC Schedule 40.

  • 1 ft (foot) = 0.3048 m
  • 1 ft/s = 0.3048 m/s
  • 1 gal (US)/min =6.30888x10-5 m3/s = 0.0227 m3/h = 0.0631 dm3(liter)/s = 2.228x10-3 ft3/s = 0.1337 ft3/min
  • 1 psi/100 ft = 2.3 ftH2O/100 ft = 2288 mmH2O/100 ft = 22.46 kPa/100 m

Note! Velocity should not exceed 5 feet per second.

The values can be used to calculate pressure loss with the Equivalent Pipe Length Method.

1/2 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
1 60 1.1 2.1 0.9
2 120 2.3 4.2 1.8
5 300 5.6 23.4 10.5
7 420 7.9 43.1 18.6
10 600 11.3 82.0 35.5
3/4 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
1 60 0.6 0.5 0.2
2 120 0.3 1.0 0.4
5 300 3.2 5.7 2.5
7 420 4.4 10.5 4.6
10 600 6.3 20.0 8.7
15 900 9.5 42.5 18.4
20 1200 12.7 72.3 31.3
1 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
2 120 0.8 0.6 0.2
5 300 1.9 1.7 0.8
7 420 2.7 3.2 1.4
10 600 3.9 6.0 2.6
15 900 5.8 12.8 5.5
20 1200 7.7 21.8 9.4
25 1500 9.7 32.9 14.2
30 1800 11.6 46.1 20.0
1 1/4 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
2 120 0.4 0.1 0.1
5 300 1.1 0.4 0.2
7 420 1.6 0.8 0.4
10 600 2.2 1.6 0.7
15 900 3.3 3.3 1.4
20 1200 4.4 5.6 2.4
25 1500 5.5 8.5 3.7
30 1800 6.6 11.9 5.1
35 2100 7.7 15.8 6.8
40 2400 8.8 20.2 8.7
45 2700 9.9 25.1 10.9
50 3000 11.1 30.5 13.2
1 1/2 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
2 120 0.3 0.1 0.03
5 300 0.8 0.2 0.1
7 420 1.1 0.4 0.2
10 600 1.6 0.7 0.3
15 900 2.4 1.5 0.7
20 1200 3.2 2.6 1.1
25 1500 4.0 4.0 1.7
30 1800 4.9 5.5 2.4
35 2100 5.7 7.4 3.2
40 2400 6.5 9.4 4.1
45 2700 7.3 11.7 5.1
50 3000 8.1 14.3 6.2
60 3600 9.7 20.0 8.7
2 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
5 300 0.5 0.07 0.03
7 420 0.7 0.1 0.05
10 600 1.0 0.2 0.09
15 900 1.5 0.5 0.2
20 1200 2.0 0.8 0.3
25 1500 2.4 1.2 0.5
30 1800 2.9 1.6 0.7
35 2100 3.4 2.2 0.9
40 2400 3.9 2.8 1.2
45 2700 4.4 3.4 1.5
50 3000 4.9 4.2 1.8
60 3600 5.9 5.8 2.5
70 4200 6.8 7.8 3.4
75 4500 7.3 8.8 3.8
80 4800 7.8 9.9 4.3
90 5400 8.8 12.4 5.4
100 6000 9.8 15.0 6.5
2 1/2 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
5 300 0.3 0.04 0.02
7 420 0.5 0.05 0.02
10 600 0.7 0.1 0.04
15 900 1.0 0.2 0.08
20 1200 1.4 0.3 0.1
25 1500 1.7 0.5 0.2
30 1800 2.1 0.7 0.3
35 2100 2.4 0.9 0.4
40 2400 2.7 1.2 0.5
45 2700 3.1 1.4 0.6
50 3000 3.4 1.8 0.8
60 3600 4.1 2.5 1.1
70 4200 4.8 3.3 1.4
75 4500 5.1 3.7 1.6
80 4800 5.5 4.2 1.8
90 5400 6.2 5.2 2.3
100 6000 6.8 6.3 2.7
125 7500 8.6 9.6 4.2
150 9000 10.3 13.4 5.8
3 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
5 300 0.2 0.02 0.01
7 420 0.3 0.02 0.01
10 600 0.4 0.03 0.01
15 900 0.7 0.07 0.03
20 1200 0.9 0.1 0.05
25 1500 1.1 0.2 0.07
30 1800 1.3 0.2 0.1
35 2100 1.6 0.3 0.1
40 2400 1.8 0.4 0.2
45 2700 2.0 0.5 0.2
50 3000 2.2 0.6 0.3
60 3600 2.7 0.9 0.4
70 4200 3.1 1.1 0.5
75 4500 3.3 1.3 0.6
80 4800 3.5 1.4 0.6
90 5400 4.0 1.8 0.8
100 6000 4.4 2.2 0.9
125 7500 5.5 3.3 1.4
150 9000 6.6 4.6 2.0
175 10500 7.7 6.2 2.7
200 12000 8.8 7.9 3.4
250 15000 11.0 11.9 5.2
4 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
20 1200 0.5 0.03 0.01
25 1500 0.6 0.04 0.02
30 1800 0.8 0.06 0.03
35 2100 0.9 0.08 0.04
40 2400 1.0 0.1 0.05
45 2700 1.2 0.1 0.06
50 3000 1.3 0.2 0.07
60 3600 1.5 0.2 0.1
70 4200 1.8 0.3 0.1
75 4500 1.9 0.3 0.2
80 4800 2.1 0.4 0.2
90 5400 2.3 0.5 0.2
100 6000 2.6 0.6 0.3
125 7500 3.2 0.9 0.4
150 9000 3.8 1.2 0.5
175 10500 4.5 1.6 0.7
200 12000 5.1 2.1 0.9
250 15000 6.4 3.2 1.4
300 18000 7.7 4.4 1.9
350 21000 9.0 5.9 2.6
400 24000 10.2 7.5 3.3
5 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
30 1800 0.5 0.02 0.01
35 2100 0.6 0.03 0.01
40 2400 0.7 0.03 0.01
45 2700 0.7 0.04 0.02
50 3000 0.8 0.05 0.02
60 3600 1.0 0.07 0.03
70 4200 1.1 0.1 0.04
75 4500 1.2 0.1 0.05
80 4800 1.3 0.1 0.06
90 5400 1.5 0.2 0.07
100 6000 1.6 0.2 0.08
125 7500 2.0 0.3 0.1
150 9000 2.4 0.4 0.2
175 10500 2.8 0.5 0.2
200 12000 3.3 0.7 0.3
250 15000 4.1 1.1 0.5
300 18000 4.9 1.5 0.6
350 21000 5.7 2.0 0.9
400 24000 6.5 2.5 1.1
450 27000 7.3 3.1 1.3
500 30000 8.1 3.7 1.6
6 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
50 3000 0.6 0.02 0.01
60 3600 0.7 0.03 0.01
70 4200 0.8 0.04 0.02
75 4500 0.8 0.05 0.02
80 4800 0.9 0.05 0.02
90 5400 1.0 0.06 0.03
100 6000 1.1 0.08 0.04
125 7500 1.4 0.1 0.05
150 9000 1.7 0.2 0.07
175 10500 2.0 0.2 0.1
200 12000 2.3 0.3 0.1
250 15000 2.8 0.4 0.2
300 18000 3.4 0.6 0.3
350 21000 3.9 0.8 0.3
400 24000 4.5 1.0 0.4
450 27000 5.1 1.3 0.6
500 30000 5.6 1.5 0.7
750 45000 8.4 3.3 1.4
1000 60000 11.2 5.5 2.4
8 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
125 7500 0.7 0.03 0.01
150 9000 0.8 0.04 0.02
175 10500 1.0 0.04 0.02
200 12000 1.1 0.06 0.02
250 15000 1.3 0.07 0.03
300 18000 1.6 0.1 0.05
350 21000 1.9 0.2 0.07
400 24000 2.3 0.2 0.09
450 27000 2.6 0.3 0.1
500 30000 2.9 0.3 0.1
750 45000 3.2 0.4 0.2
1000 60000 4.9 0.9 0.4
1250 75000 6.5 1.5 0.6
1500 90000 8.1 2.2 1.0
2000 120000 9.7 3.1 1.3
10 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
200 12000 0.8 0.03 0.01
250 15000 1.0 0.04 0.02
300 18000 1.2 0.05 0.02
350 21000 1.4 0.07 0.03
400 24000 1.6 0.09 0.04
450 27000 1.9 0.1 0.05
500 30000 2.1 0.1 0.06
750 45000 3.1 0.3 0.1
1000 60000 4.1 0.5 0.2
1250 75000 5.1 0.7 0.3
1500 90000 6.2 1.0 0.4
2000 120000 8.2 1.7 0.7
2500 150000 10.3 2.6 1.1
12 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
350 21000 1 0.03 0.01
400 24000 1.2 0.04 0.02
450 27000 1.3 0.05 0.02
500 30000 1.5 0.06 0.03
750 45000 2.2 0.1 0.05
1000 60000 2.9 0.2 0.09
1250 75000 3.6 0.3 0.1
1500 90000 4.3 0.4 0.2
2000 120000 5.8 0.7 0.3
2500 150000 7.2 1.1 0.5
3000 180000 8.7 1.6 0.7
3500 210000 10.1 2.1 0.9
4000 240000 11.1 2.7 1.2
14 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
500 30000 1.2 0.03 0.01
750 45000 1.8 0.07 0.03
1000 60000 2.4 0.1 0.05
1250 75000 3.0 0.2 0.08
1500 90000 3.6 0.3 0.1
2000 120000 4.7 0.5 0.2
2500 150000 5.9 0.7 0.3
3000 180000 7.1 1.0 0.4
3500 210000 8.3 1.3 0.6
4000 240000 9.5 1.7 0.7
4500 270000 10.7 2.1 0.9
5000 300000 11.9 2.5 1.1
5500 330000 13.1 3.0 1.3
6000 360000 14.2 3.6 1.5
6500 390000 15.4 4.1 1.8
7000 420000 16.6 4.7 2.0
7500 450000 17.8 5.4 2.3
16 inches
Volume Flow
(gal/min)		 Volume Flow
(gal/hr)		 Velocity
(ft/sec)		 Friction Head
(ft/100 ft)		 Friction Loss
(psi/100 ft)
500 30000 0.9 0.02 0.01
750 45000 1.4 0.04 0.02
1000 60000 1.8 0.07 0.03
1250 75000 2.3 0.1 0.04
1500 90000 2.7 0.1 0.06
2000 120000 3.6 0.2 0.1
2500 150000 4.5 0.4 0.2
3000 180000 5.5 0.5 0.2
3500 210000 6.4 0.7 0.3
4000 240000 7.3 0.9 0.4
4500 270000 8.2 1.1 0.5
5000 300000 9.1 1.3 0.6
5500 330000 10.0 1.6 0.7
6000 360000 10.9 1.9 0.8
6500 390000 11.8 2.2 0.9
7000 420000 12.7 2.5 1.1
7500 450000 13.6 2.8 1.2
8000 480000 14.5 3.2 1.4
8500 510000 14.4 3.5 1.5
9000 540000 16.5 3.9 1.7
9500 570000 17.3 4.3 1.9
10000 600000 18.2 4.8 2.1

Pressure loss values can be calculated with the Hazen-Williams Equation or the Darcy-Weisbach Formula.

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