Engineering Materials - Properties
Some typical properties of engineering materials like steel, plastics, ceramics and composites.
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Composites
| Material | Density - ρ - (103 kg/m3) | Tensile Modulus - E - (GPa) | Tensile Strength - σ - (MPa) | Specific Modulus - E / ρ - | Specific Strength - σ / ρ - | Maximum Service Temperature (oC) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Short-fiber | ||||||
| Glass-filled epoxy (35%) | 1.9 | 25 | 300 | 13.2 | 0.16 | 80 - 200 |
| Glass-filled polyester (35%) | 2.0 | 15.7 | 130 | 7.85 | 0.065 | 80 - 125 |
| Glass-filled nylon (35%) | 1.6 | 14.5 | 200 | 8.95 | 0.12 | 75 - 110 |
| Unidirectional | ||||||
| S-glass epoxy (45%) | 1.8 | 39.5 | 870 | 21.8 | 0.48 | 80 - 215 |
| Carbon epoxy (61%) | 1.6 | 142 | 1730 | 89.3 | 1.08 | 80 - 215 |
| Kevlar epoxy (53%) | 1.35 | 63.6 | 1100 | 47.1 | 0.81 | 80 - 215 |
Metals
| Material | Density - ρ - (103 kg/m3) | Tensile Modulus - E - (GPa) | Tensile Strength - σ - (MPa) | Specific Modulus - E / ρ - | Specific Strength - σ / ρ - | Maximum Service Temperature (oC) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cast Iron, grade 20 | 7.15 | 100 | 140 | 14.3 | 0.02 | 230 - 300 |
| Steel, AISI 1045 | 7.7 - 8.03 | 205 | 585 | 26.3 | 0.073 | 500 - 650 |
| Aluminum 2045-T4 | 2.7 | 73 | 450 | 27 | 0.17 | 150 - 250 |
| Aluminum 6061-T6 | 2.7 | 69 | 270 | 25.5 | 0.10 | 150 - 250 |
Ceramics
| Material | Density - ρ - (103 kg/m3) | Tensile Modulus - E - (GPa) | Tensile Strength - σ - (MPa) | Specific Modulus - E / ρ - | Specific Strength - σ / ρ - | Maximum Service Temperature (oC) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alumina | 3.8 | 350 | 170 | 92.1 | 0.045 | 1425 - 1540 |
| MgO | 3.6 | 205 | 60 | 56.9 | 0.017 | 900 - 1000 |
Plastics
| Material | Density - ρ - (103 kg/m3) | Tensile Modulus - E - (GPa) | Tensile Strength - σ - (MPa) | Specific Modulus - E / ρ - | Specific Strength - σ / ρ - | Maximum Service Temperature (oC) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nylon 6/6 | 1.15 | 2 - 3.6 | 82 | 2.52 | 0.071 | 75 - 100 |
| Polyethylene (HDPE) | 0.9 - 1.4 | 0.18 - 1.6 | 15 | |||
| Polypropylene | 0.9 - 1.24 | 1.4 | 33 | 1.55 | 0.037 | 50 - 80 |
| Epoxy | 1.25 | 3.5 | 69 | 2.8 | 0.055 | 80 - 215 |
| Phenolic | 1.35 | 3.0 | 6 | 2.22 | 0.004 | 70 - 120 |
- 1 GPa = 1 109 Pa = 1.45 105psi
- 1 MPa = 106 Pa
- 1 kg/m3 = 0.0624 lb/ft3
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Related Topics
-
Material Properties
Material properties of gases, fluids and solids - densities, specific heats, viscosities and more. -
Mechanics
Forces, acceleration, displacement, vectors, motion, momentum, energy of objects and more. -
Statics
Loads - forces and torque, beams and columns.
Related Documents
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Compression and Tension Strength of some common Materials
Common materials and average ultimate compression and tension strength. -
Density vs. Specific Weight and Specific Gravity
An introduction to density, specific weight and specific gravity. -
Metals - Strength vs. Temperature
The influence of temperature on the strength of metals. -
Modulus of Rigidity
Shear Modulus (Modulus of Rigidity) is the elasticity coefficient for shearing or torsion force. -
Polyester - Chemical Resistance
Chemical resistance of Polyester to products like Acetic acid, Diesel oil and others. -
Steels - Endurance Limits and Fatigue Stress
Endurance limits and fatigue stress for steels. -
Stress, Strain and Young's Modulus
Stress is force per unit area - strain is the deformation of a solid due to stress. -
Young's Modulus, Tensile Strength and Yield Strength Values for some Materials
Young's Modulus (or Tensile Modulus alt. Modulus of Elasticity) and Ultimate Tensile Strength and Yield Strength for materials like steel, glass, wood and many more.
