Cryogenic Fluids and Liquefied Gas Properties
Cryogenic properties as density, boiling points and heat of evaporation for fluids like hydrogen, methane, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine and helium.
Cryogenic services involves the handling of liquefied gases like helium, hydrogen, methane, nitrogen, oxygen and fluorine in temperatures between -150 oF to -450 oF.
The "cryogenic" properties of these materials can be summarized to:
| Gas | Helium - He - | Hydrogen - H2 - | Methane - CH4 - | Nitrogen - N2 - | Oxygen - O2 - | Fluorine - F2 - |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Density at Normal Pressure and Temperature - NPT (lb/ft3) |
0.0103 | 0.0052 | 0.0415 | 0.0724 | 0.0827 | 0.0982 |
| Boiling point at 1 atm (oF) |
-452.1 | -423.2 | -258.2 | -320.4 | -297.4 | -306.6 |
| Vapor density at boiling point (lb/ft3) |
1.06 | 0.084 | 0.111 | 0.288 | 0.296 | |
| Liquid density at boiling point (lb/ft3) |
7.62 | 4.37 | 26.46 | 50.41 | 71.27 | 94.2 |
| Heat of vaporization (Btu/lb) |
8.8 | 193 | 219.2 | 85.2 | 91.7 | 74.1 |
| Critical Temperature (oF) |
-450.3 | -400.3 | -116.5 | -232.8 | -181.1 | -200.2 |
| Critical Pressure (psia) |
33.2 | 187.7 | 673.1 | 492.3 | 736.9 | 808.3 |
NTP - Normal Temperature and Pressure: 14.696 psia 70 oF.
- 1 lb/ft3 = 16.018 kg/m3
- 1 psi = 6894.8 Pa
- 1 Btu/lb = 2326 J/kg
