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Heat emission from steam or water heating pipes submerged in oil or fat - assisted (forced) and natural circulation
The viscosity of a fluid has considerable
influence on the heat transfer from a submerged heating pipe. Be aware that the viscosity of a fluid is highly dependent of the temperature.

The table below can be used to indicate the heat emission from a steam
pipe submerged in an oil bath .
| Application |
Fluid |
Heat Emission from coil surface |
| (Btu/ft2 hr oF) |
(W/m2 oC) |
| Steam coil with medium steam pressure and natural convection
of oil |
Light Oils |
30 |
170 |
| Heavy Oils |
15 - 20 |
85 - 115 |
| Fats |
5 - 10 |
30 - 60 |
| Steam coil with medium pressure and forced convection of oil |
Light Oils |
100 |
570 |
| Heavy Oils |
60 |
340 |
| Fats |
30 |
170 |
- Light oils - 220 SSU at 100 oF
- Heavy oils - 1100 SSU at 100 oF
- Fats - 3833 SSU at 100 oF
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