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Propylene Glycol based Heat-Transfer Fluids

Freezing points of propylene glycol based heat-transfer fluids suitable for the food processing industry.

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For many heat-transfer applications it is necessary to use a heat-transfer fluid with lower freezing point than water. The most common antifreeze fluid - ethylene glycol - must not be used where there is a chance of leakage to potable water or food processing systems.

In food processing systems the common heat-transfer fluid is based on propylene glycol.

Freezing Points of Propylene Glycol based Water Solutions

Freezing point of propylene glycol based water solutions at different temperatures:

Freezing Point
Propylene Glycol Solution (%)	by mass	0	10	20	30	40	50	60
Propylene Glycol Solution (%)	by volume	0	10	19	29	40	50	60
Temperature	^oF	32	26	18	7	-8	-29	-55
Temperature	^oC	0	-3	-8	-14	-22	-34	-48

Due to slush creation - a propylene glycol and water solution should not be used close to freezing points.

Propylene glycol water solutions - freezing points

Specific Gravities of Propylene Glycol Solutions

Specific gravity of propylene glycol solutions:

Specific Gravity - SG -
Propylene Glycol Solution (%)	by mass	0	10	20	30	40	50	60
Propylene Glycol Solution (%)	by volume	0	10	20	29	40	50	60
Specific Gravity - SG - ¹⁾		1.000	1.008	1.017	1.026	1.034	1.041	1.046

¹⁾ Specific gravity based on propylene glycol solutions with temperature 60^oF.

Densities of Propylene Glycol water Solutions

Density - ρ - (kg/m³)
Mass Fraction of Propylene Glycol in Solution	Temperature - t - (^oC)
Mass Fraction of Propylene Glycol in Solution	-45	-33	-22	-13	-7	-3	0	20	40	60	80	100
0							1000	998	993	983	972	958
0.1						1012	1012	1006	998	988	976	965
0.2					1023	1022	1022	1014	1004	992	980	967
0.3				1035	1034	1032	1031	1022	1010	997	983	969
0.4			1049	1047	1044	1043	1041	1030	1016	1002	987	971
0.5		1064	1061	1058	1055	1053	1051	1038	1023	1006	990	974
0.6	1080	1078	1074	1069	1065	1063	1061	1046	1029	1011	994	976

Calculate volume expansion volume in a heating/cooling system

Boiling Points of Propylene Glycol Solutions

Boiling points of propylene glycol solutions:

Boiling Point
Propylene Glycol Solution (%)	by mass	0	10	20	30	40	50	60
Propylene Glycol Solution (%)	by volume	0	10	20	29	40	50	60
Temperature (^oF)		212	212	213	216	219	222	225

T(^oC) = 5/9[T(^oF) - 32]

Specific Heats of Propylene Glycol Solutions

Specific heat of propylene glycol solutions:

Specific Heat
Propylene Glycol Solution (%)	by mass	0	10	20	30	40	50	60
Propylene Glycol Solution (%)	by volume	0	10	20	29	40	50	60
Specific Heat - c_p - (Btu/lb ^oF)		1.000	0.980	0.960	0.935	0.895	0.850	0.805

1 Btu/(lb_m^oF) = 4186.8 J/(kg K) = 1 kcal/(kg^oC)

Propylene glycol water solutions - specific heat

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