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Hydraulic Force vs. Pressure and Cylinder Size

Calculate hydraulic cylinder force.

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Hydraulic cylinder - force excerted

The force produced on the rod side (1) of a double acting hydraulic piston - can be expressed as

F1 = P1 (π (d22 - d12) / 4)                                    (1)

where 

F1 = rod force (lb, N)

d1 = rod diameter (in, mm)

d2 = piston diameter (in, mm)

P1 = pressure in the cylinder on the rod side (psi, N/mm2)

  • 1 bar = 105 N/m2 = 0.1 Nm/mm2

The force produced on the opposite of rod side (2) - can be expressed as

F2 = P2 (π d22 / 4)                                   (2)

where 

F2 = rod force (lb, N)

P2 = pressure in the cylinder (opposite rod) (psi, N/mm2)

Hydraulic Force Calculator

Imperial Units

Pressure acting on rod side

Piston diameter - d2 (in)

Rod diameter - d1 (in)

Cylinder pressure - P1 (psi)

Pressure acting on opposite of rod side

Piston diameter - d2 (in)

Cylinder pressure - d2 (psi)

Metric Units

Pressure acting on rod side

Piston diameter - d2 (mm)

Rod diameter - d1 (mm)

Cylinder pressure - P1 (bar)

Pressure acting on opposite of rod side

Piston diameter - d2 (mm)

Cylinder pressure - d2 (bar)

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Rod Force F2 diagram

- when pressure act on opposite side of rod.

Imperial Units

Hydraulic Cylinder - Cylinder Diameter, Pressure and Rod Force - Imperial Units psi

Metric Units

Hydraulic Cylinder - Cylinder Diameter, Pressure and Rod Force - Metric Units bar

  • 1 psi (lb/in2) = 144 psf (lbf/ft2) = 6,894.8 Pa (N/m2) = 6.895x10-3 N/mm2 = 6.895x10-2 bar
  • 1 N/m2 = 1 Pa = 1.4504x10-4 lb/in2 = 1x10-5 bar = 4.03x10-3 in water = 0.336x10-3 ft water = 0.1024 mm water = 0.295x10-3 in mercury = 7.55x10-3 mm mercury = 0.1024 kg/m2 = 0.993x10-5 atm
  • 1 lbf (Pound force) = 4.44822 N = 0.4536 kp
  • 1 N (Newton) = 0.1020 kp = 7.233 pdl = 7.233/32.174 lbf = 0.2248 lbf = 1 (kg m)/s2 = 105 dyne = 1/9.80665 kgf
  • 1 in (inch) = 25.4 mm
  • 1 m (meter) = 39.37 in = 100 cm = 1000 mm

Rod Force F1 diagram

- when pressure act on the same side of the rod.

Imperial Units

Hydraulic cylinder - pull force diagram

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9.19.12

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