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Fuels - Densities and Specific Volumes

Densities and specific volumes fuels like anthracite, butane, gasoil, diesel, coke, oil, wood and more.

Density - ρ - and specific volume of some commonly used fuels:

Fuels - Densities and Specific Volumes
FuelDensity@15°C
- ρ -
Specific Volume
- v -
(kg/m3)(lb/ft3)(m3/1000 kg)(ft3 per ton)
Anthracite 720 - 850 45 - 53 1.2 - 1.4 42 - 50
Bituminous coal 690 - 800 43 - 50 1.2 - 1.5 45 - 52
Butane (gas) 2.5 0.16 400 14100
Charcoal, hard wood 149 9.3 6.7 240
Charcoal, soft wood 216 13.5 4.6 165
Coke 375 - 500 23.5 - 31 2.0 - 2.7 72 - 95
Diesel 1D1) 875 54.6 1.14 40.4
Diesel 2D1) 849 53 1.18 41.6
Diesel 4D1) 959 59.9 1.04 36.8
EN 590 Diesel 2) 820-845 51-53 1.18-1.22

42-43

Gas oil 825-900 51-56 1.1-1.2 36-43
Gasoline 715-780

45-49

1.3-1.4 45-49
Fuel Oil No.13) 750-850 47-53 1.2-1.3 42-47
Fuel Oil No.23) 810-940 51-59 1.1-1.2 38-44
Heavy fuel oil 800-1010 50-63 1.0-1.3 35-44
Kerosene 775-840 48-52 1.2-1.3 42-46
Natural gas (gas) 0.7 - 0.9 0.04-0.06 1110-1430 39200-50400
Peat 310 - 400 19.5 - 25 2.5 - 3.2 90 - 115
Propane (gas) 1.7 0.11 590 20800
Wood 360 - 385 22.5 - 24 2.5 - 2.8

90 - 100

Note 1) Diesel fuels are in USA broken up into 3 different classes: 1D, 2D and 4D. The difference between these classes depends on viscosity and boiling point ranges4D fuels tend to be used in low-speed engines. 2D fuels are used in warmer weather and are sometimes mixed with 1D  fuel to create a competent winter fuel.  1D fuel is preferred for cold weather as it has a lower viscosity. It used to be standard to see the fuel number on the pump, but a lot of gas stations do not state the fuel number anymore.

Note 2) European diesel standard from 2005

Note 3) Fuel oil is a kind of product with a lot of classes and under classes as well as varying specifications in different markets. The density ranges given represents the variation, however, some products may be outside these ranges.

Related Topics

  • Combustion

    Combustion processes and their efficiency. Boiler house and chimney topics. Properties of fuels like oil, gas, coal and wood and more. Safety valves and tanks.
  • Densities

    Densities of solids, liquids and gases. Definitions and convertion calculators.
  • Material Properties

    Properties of gases, fluids and solids. Densities, specific heats, viscosities and more.

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