The Mohs scale of mineral hardness characterizes the scratch resistance of various minerals or materials through the ability of a harder materials to scratch softer materials.
Mohs Hardness | Typical Material |
1 |
Talc |
2 |
Gypsum, Rock salt |
2.5 |
Fingernail, pure gold, silver, aluminum |
3 |
Calcspar (calcite), copper coin (penny) |
4 |
Fluorspar (fluorite) |
4.5 |
Platinum, iron |
5 |
Apatite |
6 |
Felspar, orthoclase, titanium, spectrolite |
6.5 |
Steelfile, iron pyrite, glass, vitreous pure silica, streak plate |
7 |
Quarts, amethyst, citrine, agate |
7.5 |
Garnet |
8 |
Topaz, hardened steel, beryl, emerald, aquamarine |
8.94 |
Rock crystal quartz |
9 |
African crystal corundum, ruby, sapphire |
9.03 |
Fused alumina |
9.06 |
Fused alumina (3.14% TiO2) |
9.09 |
Tungsten carbid (13% cobalt) |
9.15 |
Black silicon carbide |
9.32 |
Boron carbide |
9.5 |
Carborundum |
9.95 |
Diamond, Congo clear white |
9.96 |
Diamond, Congo yellow |
9.99 |
Diamond, South American brown ballas |
10 |
Diamond, South American brown bort |
Minerals and Mohs Hardnes
Mineral | Mohs Hardnes |
Acanthite |
2 |
Acmite |
6 - 6.5 |
Actinolite |
5.5 |
Alabandite |
3.4 - 4.4 |
Alamandine |
7 - 8 |
Albite |
7 |
Allanite |
5.5 |
Allemontite |
3 - 4 |
Allophane |
3 |
Altaite |
2.5 |
Alunite |
3.5 - 4 |
Amblygonite |
5.5 - 6 |
Analcime |
5 |
Anatese |
5.5 - 6 |
Andalusite |
6.5 - 7 |
Andesine |
7 |
Andradite |
6.5 - 7 |
Anglesite |
2.5 - 3 |
Ankerite |
3.5 - 4 |
Annebergite |
2 |
Anorthite |
6 |
Anorthoclase |
6 |
Anthophyllite |
5 - 6 |
Anthydrite |
|
Antimony |
3 - 3.5 |
Antlerite |
3 |
Apatite |
5 |
Apophyllite |
4 - 4.5 |
Aragonite |
3.5 - 4 |
Arfvedsonite |
5.5 - 6 |
Argenite |
2 - 2.5 |
Arsenic |
3.5 |
Arsenopyrite |
5 |
Atacamite |
3 - 3.5 |
Augite |
5 - 6.5 |
Aurichalcite |
2 |
Autonite |
2 - 2.5 |
Awaruite |
5 |
Axinite |
6.5 - 7 |
Azurite |
3.5 - 4 |
Barite |
3 - 3.5 |
Bastnaesite |
4 - 5 |
Beidellite |
1 - 2 |
Beryl |
7.5 -8 |
Biotite |
2.5 - 3 |
Bismite |
4 - 5 |
Bismuth |
2 - 2.5 |
Boehmite |
3 |
Boracite |
7 |
Borax |
2 - 2.5 |
Boulangerite |
2.5 |
Brannerite |
4 - 5 |
Braunite |
6 - 6.5 |
Bravoite |
6.5 |
Brochantite |
3.5 - 4 |
Bromargyrite |
1.5 - 2 |
Bronzite |
5.5 - 6 |
Brookite |
5.5 - 6 |
Brucite |
2.5 - 3 |
Bytownite |
7 |
Calcite |
3 |
Calomel |
1.5 - 2 |
Calvarite |
2.5 |
Cancrinite |
2.5 |
Carnallite |
2.5 |
Carnotite |
2 |
Cassiterite |
6 - 7 |
Celestite |
3 - 3.5 |
Celsian |
6 - 6.5 |
Cerargyrite |
1 - 1.5 |
Cerussite |
3 - 3.5 |
Cervanite |
4 - 5 |
Chabazite |
4 |
Chalcanthite |
2.5 |
Chalcocite |
2.5 - 3 |
Chalcopyrite |
3.5 |
Chlorite |
1 - 2 |
Chloritoid |
6.5 |
Chondrodite |
6 - 6.5 |
Chromite |
5.5 |
Chrysoberyl |
8.5 |
Chrysocolla |
2.5 - 3.5 |
Cinnibar |
2 - 2.5 |
Clinochlore |
2 - 2.5 |
Clinoclase |
2.5 - 3 |
Clinoenstatite |
5 - 6 |
Clinoferrosilite |
5 - 6 |
Clinohumite |
6 |
Clinzoite |
7 |
Cobaltite |
5.5 |
Colemanite |
4.5 |
Columbite |
6 |
Copper |
2.5 - 3 |
Cordierite |
7 |
Corundum |
9 |
Coveillite |
1.5 - 2 |
Cristobalite |
6.5 |
Crocoite |
2.5 - 3 |
Cryolite |
2.5 - 3 |
Cubanite |
3.5 |
Cummingtonite |
5 - 6 |
Cuprite |
3.5 - 4 |
Danburite |
7 |
Datolite |
5.5 |
Diamond |
10 |
Diaspore |
6.5 - 7 |
Dickite |
1.5 - 2 |
Digenite |
2.5 - 3 |
Diopside |
6 |
Dioptase |
5 |
Dolmite |
3.5 - 4 |
Dumortierite |
8.5 |
Edenite |
6 |
Embolite |
1 - 1.5 |
Enargite |
3 |
Enstatite |
5.5 |
Erythrite |
1.5 - 2 |
Espomite |
2 - 2.5 |
Euclase |
7.5 |
Euxenite |
6.5 |
Fayalite |
6.5 |
Feberite |
4.5 |
Fergusonite |
5.5 - 6.5 |
Ferrimolybdite |
2.5 - 3 |
Ferrosilite |
5 - 6 |
Fluorite |
4 |
Forsterite |
6 - 7 |
Franklinite |
5.5 - 6 |
Gadolinite |
6.5 - 7 |
Gahnite |
8 |
Galaxite |
7.5 |
Galena |
2.5 |
Garnierite |
3 - 4 |
Gaylussite |
2.5 |
Geocronite |
2.5 - 3 |
Gersdorffite |
5.5 |
Gibbsite |
2.5 - 3 |
Glauberite |
2.5 - 3 |
Glauconite |
2 |
Glaucophane |
6 - 6.5 |
Gmelinite |
4.5 |
Goethite |
5 - 5.5 |
Gold |
2.5 - 3 |
Goslarite |
2 - 2.5 |
Graphite |
1.5 - 2 |
Greenocktite |
3.5 - 4 |
Grossularite |
6.5 - 7.5 |
Gypsum |
2 |
Halite |
2.5 |
Halloysite |
2 |
Harmotome |
4 - 5 |
Hastingsite |
6 |
Hausmanite |
5.5 |
Hauynite |
5 - 6 |
Hectorite |
1 - 2 |
Hedenbergite |
5 - 6 |
Helvite |
6 - 6.5 |
Hemimorphite |
5 |
Hercynite |
7.5 |
Hessite |
1.5 - 2 |
Heulandite |
3 - 3.5 |
Hornblende |
5 - 6 |
Huebnerite |
4.5 |
Humite |
6 - 6.5 |
Hyalophane |
6 - 6.5 |
Hydrozincite |
2 - 2.5 |
Hypersthene |
5.5 - 6 |
Ice |
2.5 |
Iddingsite |
3 |
Idocrase |
6.5 |
Illemenite |
5 - 5.5 |
Illite |
1 - 2 |
Ilvaite |
5.5 - 6 |
Iodobromite |
1 - 1.5 |
Iodyrite |
1.5 - 2 |
Irdosmine |
6 - 7 |
Iridium |
6 - 7 |
Jacobsite |
5.5 - 6 |
Jadeite |
6.5 |
Jamesonite |
2.5 |
Jarosite |
2.5 - 3.5 |
Kaliophilite |
5.5 - 6 |
Kaolinite |
1.5 - 2 |
Kernite |
2.5 - 3 |
Krennerite |
2.5 |
Kyanite |
4 - 7 |
Langbeinite |
3.5 - 4 |
Larsenite |
3 |
Laumonite |
3.5 - 4 |
Lawsonite |
7.5 |
Lazulite |
5 - 6 |
Lazurite |
5.5 |
Lechatelierite |
6.5 |
Lepidolite |
2.5 - 3 |
Leucite |
6 |
Liebthenite |
4 |
Limonite |
5 - 5.5 |
Linarite |
2.5 |
Linneaeite |
4.5 - 5.5 |
Lithiophilite |
4 - 5 |
Loellingite |
5 |
Magnesite |
4 |
Magnetite |
5.5 - 6 |
Malachite |
3.5 - 4 |
Manganite |
4 |
Manganosite |
5 - 6 |
Marcasite |
6 - 6.5 |
Margarite |
4 |
Marialite |
5.5 - 6 |
Meionite |
5 - 6 |
Melanterite |
2 |
Melilite |
5 - 5.5 |
Menaghinite |
2.5 |
Miargyrite |
2 - 2.5 |
Microcline |
6 |
Microlite |
5 - 5.5 |
Millerite |
3 - 3.5 |
Mimetite |
3.5 - 4 |
Minium |
2.5 - 3 |
Molybdenite |
1 |
Monazite |
5 - 5.5 |
Monticellite |
5 |
Montmotillonite |
1.5 - 2 |
Mullite |
6 - 7 |
Musscovite |
2 - 2.5 |
Nacrite |
1 |
Nagyagite |
1.5 - 2 |
Natrolite |
5.5 - 6 |
Nephheline |
6 |
Niccolite |
5.5 |
Nitre |
2 |
Nontronite |
1.5 - 2 |
Norbergite |
6 - 6.5 |
Noselite |
5.5 - 6 |
Oligoclase |
7 |
Opal |
5.5 - 6 |
Orpiment |
1.5 - 2 |
Orthoclase |
6 |
Ottrelite |
6 - 7 |
Palladium |
4.5 - 5 |
Paragonite |
2.5 |
Pargasite |
6 |
Pearceite |
2.5 - 3 |
Pectolite |
5 |
Pentlandite |
3.5 - 4 |
Perovskite |
5.5 |
Petalite |
6 - 6.5 |
Petzite |
2.5 |
Phenaktite |
7.5 - 8 |
Phillipsite |
4.5 - 5 |
Phlogopite |
2 - 2.5 |
Phosgenite |
2.5 - 3 |
Phosphuranylite |
2.5 |
Pigeonite |
6 |
Plagionite |
2.5 |
Platinum |
4 - 4.5 |
Polucite |
6.5 |
Polybasite |
2.5 - 3 |
Polycrase |
5 - 6 |
Polyhalite |
2.5 - 3.5 |
Potash alum |
2 - 2.5 |
Powellite |
3.5 |
Prehnite |
6 - 6.5 |
Proustite |
2 - 2.5 |
Pyrargyrite |
2.5 |
Pyrite |
6.6 |
Pyrochlore |
5 - 5.5 |
Pyrolusite |
6 - 6.5 |
Pyromorphite |
3.5 - 4 |
Pyrope |
7.5 |
Pyrophyllite |
1.5 - 2 |
Pyrrhotite |
3.5 - 4 |
Quartz |
7 |
Rammelsbergite |
5.5 |
Realgar |
1.5 - 2 |
Rhodochrosite |
3 |
Rhodonite |
6 |
Riebeckite |
4 |
Roscoelite |
2.5 |
Rutile |
6 - 6.5 |
Samarskite |
5 - 6 |
Sanadine |
6 |
Saponite |
1 - 1.5 |
Scapolite |
6 |
Scheelite |
4 - 5 |
Scolecite |
5 - 5.5 |
Scorodite |
3.5 - 4 |
Scorzalite |
5.5 - 6 |
Semseyite |
2.5 |
Sepiolite |
2 |
Serpentine |
2.5 - 3 |
Siderite |
3.5 |
Siegenite |
5 - 5.5 |
Sillimanite |
7 |
Silver |
2.5 - 3 |
Sklodowskite |
2 - 3 |
Skutterudite |
5.5 - 6 |
Smithsonite |
4.5 |
Soda nitre |
1.5 - 2 |
Sodalite |
6 |
Sperrylite |
6 - 7 |
Spessartine |
6.5 - 7.5 |
Sphalerite |
3.5 - 4 |
Sphene |
5 - 5.5 |
Spinel group |
8 |
Spodumene |
6.5 - 7 |
Stannite |
3.5 - 4 |
Staurolite |
7 - 7.5 |
Stephanite |
2 - 2.5 |
Sternbergite |
1 - 1.5 |
Stibnite |
2 |
Stilbite |
3.5 - 4 |
Stolzite |
2.5 - 3 |
Stromeyerite |
2.5 - 3 |
Strontianite |
3.5 |
Sulphur |
1.5 - 2.5 |
Sylvanite |
1.5 - 2 |
Sylvite |
2.5 |
Talc |
1 |
Tantalite |
6 - 6.5 |
Tennantite |
3.5 - 4 |
Tenorite |
3.5 - 4 |
Tephroite |
6.5 |
Tetrahedrite |
3.4 - 4 |
Thenardite |
2.5 |
Thomsonite |
5 - 5.5 |
Thorianite |
6 |
Thorite |
5 |
Tin |
2 |
Topaz |
8 |
Torbernite |
2 - 2.5 |
Tourmaline |
7 |
Tremolite |
5 - 6 |
Tridymite |
6.5 - 7 |
Triphylite |
4 - 5 |
Troilite |
3.5 - 4 |
Trona |
2.5 |
Tungstite |
2.5 |
Turquoise |
5 - 6 |
Tyuyamunite |
1.5 - 2 |
Ulexite |
2.5 |
Uraninite |
5 - 6 |
Uranophane |
2.5 |
Uvarovite |
6.5 - 7 |
Vanadinite |
3.5 - 4 |
Variscite |
4 - 5 |
Vermiculite |
1.5 - 2 |
Violarite |
4.5 - 5.5 |
Vivianite |
1.5 - 2 |
Wavellite |
3.5 - 4 |
Willemite |
5.5 |
Witherite |
3 - 3.5 |
Wolframite |
4.5 |
Wollastonite |
5 |
Wulfenite |
3 |
Wurtzite |
3.5 - 4 |
Xenotime |
4 - 5 |
Zincite |
4 - 5 |
Zinkenite |
3 - 3.5 |
Zircon |
7.5 |
Zoisite |
6.5 |