- σ -
(1/Ω m, S/m, mho/m)
Element | Electrical Conductivity relative to Silver |
---|---|
Silver | 100.0 |
Copper | 94.6 |
Gold | 71.7 |
Aluminum | 59.8 |
Beryllium | 49.7 |
Calcium | 47.3 |
Magnesium | 35.9 |
Rhodium | 33.5 |
Sodium | 33.0 |
Barium | 30.6 |
Tungsten | 30.0 |
Molybdenum | 29.7 |
Cobalt | 27.3 |
Zinc | 26.3 |
Nickel | 22.6 |
Cadmium | 21.9 |
Ruthenium | 21.7 |
Cesium | 20.0 |
Indium | 18.4 |
Osmium | 17.3 |
Lithium | 17.1 |
Uranium | 16.5 |
Manganese | 15.8 |
Iron | 15.8 |
Platinum | 15.3 |
Palladium | 15.1 |
Tin | 14.6 |
Titanium | 13.7 |
Iridium | 13.5 |
Rubidium | 12.4 |
Chromium | 12.3 |
Tantalum | 12.1 |
Steel | 12.0 |
Thallium | 9.8 |
Lead | 8.4 |
Columbium | 5.1 |
Vanadium | 5.0 |
Arsenic | 4.9 |
Antimony | 3.6 |
Mercury | 1.8 |
Bismuth | 1.4 |
Tellurium | 0.0 |
Conductivity is the reciprocal (inverse) of electrical resistivity. Electrical resistivity can be expressed as
ρ = 1 / σ (2)
where
ρ = electrical resistivity (ohm m 2 /m, ohm m)
The resistance for a conductor can be expressed as
R = ρ l / A (3)
where
R = resistance (ohms, Ω)
l = length of conductor (m)
A = cross sectional area of conductor (m 2 )
The resistance of 1000 m copper wire gauge #10 with cross sectional area 5.26 mm 2 can be calculated as
R = (1.724 x 10 -8 ohm m 2 /m) (1000 m) / (( 5.26 mm 2 ) (10 -6 m 2 /mm 2 ))
= 3.2 ohm
Grains/gal as CaCO 3 | ppm as CaCO 3 | ppm NaCl | Conductivity μmho/cm | Resistivity MΩ/cm |
---|---|---|---|---|
99.3 | 1700 | 2000 | 3860 | 0.00026 |
74.5 | 1275 | 1500 | 2930 | 0.00034 |
49.6 | 850 | 1000 | 1990 | 0.00050 |
24.8 | 425 | 500 | 1020 | 0.00099 |
9.93 | 170 | 200 | 415 | 0.0024 |
7.45 | 127 | 150 | 315 | 0.0032 |
4.96 | 85.0 | 100 | 210 | 0.0048 |
2.48 | 42.5 | 50 | 105 | 0.0095 |
0.992 | 17.0 | 20 | 42.7 | 0.023 |
0.742 | 12.7 | 15 | 32.1 | 0.031 |
0.496 | 8.50 | 10 | 21.4 | 0.047 |
0.248 | 4.25 | 5.0 | 10.8 | 0.093 |
0.099 | 1.70 | 2.0 | 4.35 | 0.23 |
0.074 | 1.27 | 1.5 | 3.28 | 0.30 |
0.048 | 0.85 | 1.00 | 2.21 | 0.45 |
0.025 | 0.42 | 0.50 | 1.13 | 0.88 |
0.0099 | 0.17 | 0.20 | 0.49 | 2.05 |
0.0076 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.38 | 2.65 |
0.0050 | 0.085 | 0.10 | 0.27 | 3.70 |
0.0025 | 0.042 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 6.15 |
0.00099 | 0.017 | 0.02 | 0.098 | 10.2 |
0.00070 | 0.012 | 0.015 | 0.087 | 11.5 |
0.00047 | 0.008 | 0.010 | 0.076 | 13.1 |
0.00023 | 0.004 | 0.005 | 0.066 | 15.2 |
0.00012 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.059 | 16.9 |
Electrical conductivity of aqueous solutions like
Electrical units, amps and electrical wiring, wire gauge and AWG, electrical formulas and motors.
Electrical resistance in plain copper or aluminum wires.
American Wire Gauge (AWG) vs. cross sectional area converter.
Capacitors and capacitance - charge and unit of charge.
Parallel and serial connected capacitor circuits.
Gauge, weight, circular mils and electrical resistance in copper wire.
The dielectric strength of a material is the ability to the material to act as an insulator.
Electric resistance in wire made of Copper, Aluminum, Brass, Constantan, Nichrome, Platinum, Silver or Tungsten.
Resistance, voltage and current in electrical parallel circuits.
Elements and their boiling points.
Output voltage with a potential divider.
Electrical resistance and resistivity.
Resistivity, conductivity and temperature coefficients for common materials like silver, gold, platinum, iron and more..
Add standard and customized parametric components - like flange beams, lumbers, piping, stairs and more - to your Sketchup model with the Engineering ToolBox - SketchUp Extension - enabled for use with the amazing, fun and free SketchUp Make and SketchUp Pro . Add the Engineering ToolBox extension to your SketchUp from the Sketchup Extension Warehouse!
We don't collect information from our users. Only emails and answers are saved in our archive. Cookies are only used in the browser to improve user experience.
Some of our calculators and applications let you save application data to your local computer. These applications will - due to browser restrictions - send data between your browser and our server. We don't save this data.
Google use cookies for serving our ads and handling visitor statistics. Please read Google Privacy & Terms for more information about how you can control adserving and the information collected.
AddThis use cookies for handling links to social media. Please read AddThis Privacy for more information.
If you want to promote your products or services in the Engineering ToolBox - please use Google Adwords. You can target the Engineering ToolBox by using AdWords Managed Placements.