Salinity of Water
Salinity of fresh, brackish and sea water
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Salinity is the saltiness or measure of dissolved salt in water.
- 35 g dissolved salt / kg sea water = 35 ppt = 35 o/oo = 3.5% = 35000 ppm = 35000 mg/l
Saline in Water
- fresh water (typical city water in United States) : < 100 ppm
- water supply typicaly restricted to : 500 ppm
- fresh water - official salt concentration limits in drinking water US: 1000 ppm
- typical limit agriculture irrigation : 2000 ppm
- brackish water, mildly : 1000 - 5,000 ppm
- brackish water, moderately : 5000 - 15000 ppm
- brackish water, heavily : 15000 - 35000 ppm
- seawater : 30000 - 50000 ppm (approx. 35000)
- brine > 50000 ppm
- Dead sea : 330000 ppm
Dissolved Salts in Sea Water
Typical salts dissolved in sea water;
| Component | Mass (gram/kgwater) - t - (oC) |
|---|---|
| Pure water | 965.31 |
| Chlorine | 19.10 |
| Sodium | 10.62 |
| Magnesium | 1.28 |
| Sulfur | 2.66 |
| Calcium | 0.40 |
| Potassium | 0.38 |
| Minor constituents | 0.24 |
| Trace constituents | 0.01 |
| SUM | 1000.00 |
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