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Waste Water Piping - Flow Capacities vs. Dimensions

In sewage piping and pumping systems the fluid flow rate must be kept within certain limits to avoid operating problems.

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In sewage piping and pumping systems the flow velocity must exceed certain limits to maintain trouble free operation and to avoid settling and sedimentation of solids:

  • for horizontal wastewater pipe systems with solids the speed should exceed 3 ft/sec
  • for wastewater water system with organic solids the speed should exceed 2 ft/sec

On the other hand, the flow velocity should not exceed certain limits to avoid potential wear and tear due to erosion and abrasion:

  • the flow velocity in high-grit sewage handling systems should not exceed 12 ft/sec
  • the flow velocity in sewage systems with low grit concentrations should not exceed 18 ft/sec

Flow rate capacities in US gal for sewage piping and pumping systems within the limitations:

Waste Water Piping - Flow Capacities
Pipe Dimension
(inches)
Flow Rate (US GPM)
Minimum VelocityMaximum Velocity
2 ft/sec
(0.6 m/s)
3 ft/sec
(0.9 m/s)
12 ft/sec
(3.6 m/s)
18 ft/sec
(5.4 m/s)
3 45 65 270 400
4 80 120 480 700
6 180 260 1050 1600
8 300 500 1900 2800
10 500 750 3000 4400
12 700 1100 4300 6400

Note! - based on clean pipes. The friction coefficient may vary with the pipe material.

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Related Topics

  • Sanitary Drainage Systems

    The purpose of the sanitary drainage system is to remove effluent discharged from plumbing fixtures and other equipment.

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