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Energy

Energy is the capacity to do work.

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Energy is the capacity (or capability) to do work.

Energy is used or consumed when work is done.

The SI unit for energy is joule - J, where

1 J = 1 Nm

which is the same unit as for work.

Imperial Units of Energy

  • 1 J = 0.738 ft lb
  • 1 ft lb = 1.356 Nm (J)

Energy forms

There can be several forms of energy, including

  • mechanical energy
  • heat or thermal energy
  • electrical energy
  • chemical energy
  • nuclear energy
  • light energy

Energy Efficiency

Energy efficiency is the ratio between useful energy output and input energy, and can be expressed as

μ = Eo / Ei                            (1)

where

μ = energy efficiency

Eo = useful energy output

Ei = energy input

It is common to state efficiency as a percentage by multiplying (1) with 100.

Example - Energy Efficiency

A lift moves a mass 10 m up by exerting a force of 100 N. The input energy to the lift is 1500 J. The energy efficiency of the lift can be calculated as

μ = 100 (N) 10 (m) / 1500 (J)

    = 0.67 or

    = 67 %

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Related Topics

  • Mechanics

    The relationships between forces, acceleration, displacement, vectors, motion, momentum, energy of objects and more.
  • Thermodynamics

    Work, heat and energy systems.

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