where
qet = expected total water flow (l/s)
qnl = demand of largest consumer (l/s)
Σqn = total theoretical water flow - all fixtures summarized (l/s)
Note that minimum expected total water flow can never be less than the demand from the largest fixture. This equation is valid for ordinary systems with consumption patterns like
Be aware when using the equation for systems serving large groups of people where the use is intermittent, like in
For these kind of applications, like a wardrobe, it is likely that all showers are used at the same time. Using the formula blindly would result in insufficient supply lines.
If the theoretical demand from all fixtures in a nursing home adds up to 50 l/s and the larges fixture requires 0.4 l/s, the expected water supply demand can be estimated like
qet = (0.4 l/s) + 0.015 ((50 l/s) - (0.4 l/s)) + 0.17 ((50 l/s) - (0.4 l/s))1/2
= 2.3 (l/s)
Expected demand for a supply system at different total theoretical demand can based on the formula above be expressed as
Total Theoretical Demand Summarized (liter/s) | Expected Demand (liter/s) |
---|---|
0.2 | 0.2 |
0.8 | 0.4 |
1.6 | 0.5 |
4.0 | 0.6 |
8.0 | 0.85 |
15 | 1.1 |
20 | 1.5 |
30 | 1.8 |
40 | 2.1 |
65 | 2.8 |
70 | 2.9 |
100 | 3.7 |
The maximum fixture load is 0.2 liter/s.
Hot and cold water service systems - design properties, capacities, sizing and more.
Design procedures for domestic hot water service systems.
Nominal pipe size, outside diameter, wall thickness, weight and working pressure.
Activity and average water consumption
Materials used in water distribution pipes.
Water service pipe lines extends from the potable water source to the interior of buildings.
It is fundamental to keep the potable water in the water supply systems uncontaminated.
Supply requirements for common fixtures.
Converting WSFU - Water Supply Fixture Units - to GPM.
WSFU is used to calculate water supply service systems.
Sizing water supply service and distribution lines based on Water Supply Fixture Units (WSFU).
Sizing of water supply pipe lines.
Required water supply to public buildings.
Typiclal limits for impurities in drinking water.
Free online tool for designing water supply systems in buildings.
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