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Pump - Temperature Rise vs. Volume Flow

Calculate temperature rise vs. volume flow in pumps.

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No pump is perfect with 100% efficiency. Energy lost in friction and hydraulic losses transforms to heat - heating up the fluid transported through the pump.

The temperature rise can be calculated as

dt = Ps (1 - μ) / (cp q ρ)                                       (1)

where

dt = temperature rise in the pump (oC)

q = volume flow through pump (m3/s)

Ps = brake power (kW)

cp = specific heat of the fluid (kJ/kgoC)

μ = pump efficiency

ρ = fluid density (kg/m3)

A typical relation between flow, efficiency and power consumption for a centrifugal pump:

Pump - Temperature Rise Calculator

Ps - brake power (kW)

μ - pump efficiency

cp - specific heat (kJ/kgoC)

q - volume flow (m3/s)

ρ - density (kg/m3)


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Example - Temperature rise in water pump

Temperature rise in a water pump working at normal conditions with flow 6 m3/h (0.0017 m3/s), brake power 0.11 kW and pump efficiency of 28% (0.28) can be calculated as

dt = (0.11 kW) (1 - 0.28) / ((4.2 kJ/kgoC) (0.0017 m3/s) (1000 kg/m3))

    = 0.011 oC

Specific heat of water cp = 4.2 kJ/kgoC.

If the flow through the pump is reduced by throttling the discharge valve the temperature rise increase. If the flow is reduced to 2 m3/h (0.00056 m3/s), brake power slightly reduced to 0.095 kW and the pump efficiency reduced to 15% (0.15) - the temperature rise can be calculated as

dt = (0.095 kW) (1 - 0.15) / ((4.2 kJ/kgoC) (0.00056 m3/s) (1000 kg/m3))

    = 0.035 oC

With manufacturing documentation the temperature rise versus throttling can be expressed as:

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Temperature

oC
oF


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Length

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in
ft
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Area

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in2
ft2
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acres


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Volume

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us gal


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N
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Pressure

Pa (N/m2)
bar
mm H2O
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Flow

m3/s
m3/h
US gpm
cfm


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