Drawn Copper, Lead, Brass, Aluminum (new) and the like
0.001 - 0.002
(3.28 - 6.56) 10 -6
PVC, PE and other smooth Plastic Pipes
0.0015 - 0.007
(0.49 - 2.30) 10 -5
Stainless steel, bead blasted
0.001 - 0.006
(0.00328 - 0.0197) 10 -3
Stainless steel, turned
0.0004 - 0.006
(0.00131 - 0.0197) 10 -3
Stainless steel, electron-polished
0.0001 - 0.0008
(0.000328 - 0.00262) 10 -3
Commercial steel or wrought iron
0.045 - 0.09
(1.48 - 2.95) 10 -4
Stretched steel
0.015
4.95 10 -5
Weld steel
0.045
1.48 10 -4
Galvanized steel
0.15
4.92 10 -4
Rusted steel (corrosion)
0.15 - 4
(4.92 - 131) 10 -4
New cast iron
0.25 - 0.8
(8.2 - 26.2) 10 -4
Worn cast iron
0.8 - 1.5
(2.62 - 4.92) 10 -3
Rusty cast iron
1.5 - 2.5
(4.92 - 8.2) 10 -3
Sheet or asphalted cast iron
0.01 - 0.015
(3.28 - 4.92) 10 -5
Smoothed cement
0.3
0.98 10 -3
Ordinary concrete
0.3 - 1
(0.98 - 3.28) 10 -3
Coarse concrete
0.3 - 5
(0.98 - 16.4) 10 -3
Wood stove
0.18 - 0.9
Well planed wood
0.18 - 0.9
(5.9 - 29.5) 10 -4
Ordinary wood
5
16.4 10 -3
1 m = 3.28 feet
Galvanized Steel - standard and commonly most used material in comfort air conditioning systems
Aluminum - is widely used in clean room applications. Preferred for moisture laden air, special exhaust systems and ornamental duct systems
Stainless Steel - is used in duct systems for kitchen exhaust, moisture laden air, and fume exhaust
Carbon Steel (Black Iron) - is widely used in applications involving flues, stacks, hoods, other high temperature and special coating requirements for industrial use
Copper - is mainly used for certain chemical exhaust and visual ductwork
Relative Roughness
Relative roughness - the ratio between absolute roughness an pipe or duct diameter - is important when calculating pressure loss in ducts or pipes with the Colebrook Equation . Relative roughness can be expressed as
Galvanized Steel - most common material used in fabricated duct work for most comfort air conditioning systems.
Aluminum - widely used in clean room applications, moisture laden air, exhaust systems and ornamental duct systems.
Stainless Steel - used for kitchen exhaust, moisture laden air and fume exhausts.
Carbon Steel (Black Iron) - used for flues, stacks, hoods, high temperature industrial systems.
Copper - used for certain chemical exhaust systems and ornamental duct work.
Fibreglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) - used mainly for chemical exhausts, scrubbers and underground systems. Resistant to corrosion, self insulated, excellent sound attenuation and high quality sealing.
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) - used in chemical exhaust, fumes and underground duct systems. Resistant to corrosion, light weight, easy to modify.
Fabric (textile ducts) - used for even air distribution.
Flex Duct (inner liner supported by a helix wire coil) - used for connections.
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