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U.S. Standard Atmosphere vs. Altitude

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A "Standard Atmosphere" can be regarded as an average pressure, temperature and air density for various altitudes.

The "U.S. Standard Atmosphere 1976" is an atmospheric model of how the pressure, temperature, density, and viscosity of the Earth's atmosphere changes with altitude. It is defined as having a temperature of 288.15 K (15 oC, 59 oF) at the sea level 0 km geometrical height and 101325 Pa (1013.25 hPa, 1013.25 mbar, 760 mm Hg, 29.92 in Hg).

Geometrical altitude is the scale of elevation we would measure with a tape measure. Geopotential altitude is based on a scale that relates altitude to gravitational equipotentials, or surfaces of constant gravitational potential energy per unit mass.

The atmosphere are divided in

  • the Troposphere - ranging 0 to 11 km (36.000 ft) altitude
  • the Stratosphere - ranging 11 to to 51 km (167.000 ft) altitude
  • the Mesosphere - ranging 51 to 71 km (232.000 ft) altitude
  • the Ionosphere - ranging above 71 km (above 232.000 ft) altitude

U.S. Standard Atmosphere Air Properties - Imperial (BG) Units

U.S. Standard Atmosphere vs. Altitude - Imperial Units
Geo-potential Altitude above Sea Level
- h -
(ft)
Temperature
- t -
(oF)
Acceleration of Gravity
- g -
(ft/s2)
Absolute Pressure
- p -
(lb/in2)
Density
- ρ -
(10-4 slugs/ft3)

Dynamic Viscosity
- μ -
(10-7 lb s/ft2)
(10-7 slug /(ft s))
-5000 76.84 32.189 17.554 27.45 3.836
0 59 32.174 14.696 23.77 3.737
5000 41.17 32.159 12.228 20.48 3.637
10000 23.36 32.143 10.108 17.56 3.534
15000 5.55 32.128 8.297 14.96 3.430
20000 -12.26 32.112 6.759 12.67 3.324
25000 -30.05 32.097 5.461 10.66 3.217
30000 -47.83 32.082 4.373 8.91 3.107
35000 -65.61 32.066 3.468 7.38 2.995
40000 -69.70 32.051 2.730 5.87 2.969
45000 -69.70 32.036 2.149 4.62 2.969
50000 -69.70 32.020 1.692 3.64 2.969
60000 -69.70 31.990 1.049 2.26 2.969
70000 -67.42 31.959 0.651 1.39 2.984
80000 -61.98 31.929 0.406 0.86 3.018
90000 -56.54 31.897 0.255 0.56 3.052
100000 -51.10 31.868 0.162 0.33 3.087
150000 19.40 31.717 0.020 0.037 3.511
200000 -19.78 31.566 0.003 0.0053 3.279
250000 -88.77 31.415 0.000 0.00065 2.846

U.S. Standard Atmosphere Air Properties - Metric Units

U.S. Standard Atmosphere vs. Altitude - SI Units
Geo potential Altitude above Sea Level
- h -
(m)
Temperature
- t -
(oC)
Acceleration of Gravity
- g -
(m/s2)
Absolute Pressure
- p -
(
104 N/m2)
Density
- ρ -
(
kg/m3)
Dynamic Viscosity
- μ -
(
10-5 N s/m2)
-1000 21.50 9.810 11.39 1.347 1.821
0 15.00 9.807 10.13 1.225 1.789
1000 8.50 9.804 8.988 1.112 1.758
2000 2.00 9.801 7.950 1.007 1.726
3000 -4.49 9.797 7.012 0.9093 1.694
4000 -10.98 9.794 6.166 0.8194 1.661
5000 -17.47 9.791 5.405 0.7364 1.628
6000 -23.96 9.788 4.722 0.6601 1.595
7000 -30.45 9.785 4.111 0.5900 1.561
8000 -36.94 9.782 3.565 0.5258 1.527
9000 -43.42 9.779 3.080 0.4671 1.493
10000 -49.90 9.776 2.650 0.4135 1.458
15000 -56.50 9.761 1.211 0.1948 1.422
20000 -56.50 9.745 0.5529 0.08891 1.422
25000 -51.60 9.730 0.2549 0.04008 1.448
30000 -46.64 9.715 0.1197 0.01841 1.475
40000 -22.80 9.684 0.0287 0.003996 1.601
50000 -2.5 9.654 0.007978 0.001027 1.704
60000 -26.13 9.624 0.002196 0.0003097 1.584
70000 -53.57 9.594 0.00052 0.00008283 1.438
80000 -74.51 9.564 0.00011 0.00001846 1.321

US Atmosphere - Temperature vs. Elevation

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