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Solids and Metals - Specific Gravities

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The Specific Gravity - SG - is a dimensionless unit defined as the ratio of density of the material to the density of water at a specified temperature. It is common to use the density of water at 4 oC (39 oF) as reference - at this point the density of water is at the highest.

Specific gravities - SG - for common solids and metals can be found in the table below:

Solids and Metals - Specific Gravities
ProductSpecific Gravity
- SG-
ABS, extrusion grade 1.05
ABS, high impact 1.03
Acetal, 20% glass 1.55
Acetal, copolymer 1.41
Acetyl, homopolymer 1.41
Acrylic 1.19
Alumina 3.4 - 3.6
Aluminum min. 2.55
Aluminum max. 2.8
Aluminum Bronze 7.8
Andesite, solid 2.8
Antimony 6.69
Asbestos, cement board 1.4
Asbestos, mill board 1.0
Asbestos, shredded 0.3 - 0.4
Asbestos, rock 1.6
Asphalt 1.1
Asphaltum 1.4
Azdel 1.19
Bakelite, solid 1.4
Bark 0.25
Barite 4.5
Barium 3.62
Barium sulfate 4.5
Basalt, broken 1.95
Basalt solid 3.0
Beeswax 0.95
Bentonite 2.4
Beryllium 1.848
Bismuth 9.79
Borax min. 1.7
Borax min. 1.8
Boron 2.32
Brass, cast rolled 8.4 - 8.7
Brick, common red 1.75
Brick, fire clay (firebrick) 2.4
Brick, hard 2.0
Brickwork, in cement 1.8
Brickwork, in mortar 1.6
Brickwood, in cement 1.8
Brickwood, in mortar 1.6
Bronze aluminum 7.7
Bronze phosphor 8.88
Bronze, 7.9 - 14% Sn 7.4 - 8.9
Cadmium 8.65
Calcium 4.58
Calcium carbonate 2.7
Carbon, solid 2.1
Carbon, powdered 0.08
Cement 1.2 - 1.5
Cement, Portland (set) 3.1
Cerium 6.77
Cesium 1.873
Chalk 2.3
Charcoal, wood 0.4
Chromium 7.19
Chromium dioxide (Cr203) 5.22
Clay min. 1.8
Clay max. 2.6
Coal, anthracite 1.5
Coal, bitumious 1.2
Coal, slag 2.7
Cobalt 8.71
Concrete, ligth 1.4
Concrete, stone 2.2
Corkboard 0.2
Copper 8.89
CPVC 1.55
Diamond 3.51
Dolomite rock 2.9
Dysprosium 8.55
Earth, dry 1.4
Emery 4.0
Epoxy 1.8
Erbium 9.066
Europium 5.244
Ferrosilicon - 15% 6.7 - 7.1
Fiberboard, ligth 0.24
Fiber hardboard 1.1
Fiber glass sheet 1.87
Flint stones / pebbles 2.4 - 2.6
Gadolinium 7.9
Gallium 5.91
Germanium 5.32
German silver 8.58
Glass min. 2.4
Glass max. 2.8
Glass beads 2.5
Glass crystal min. 2.9
Glass crystal max. 3
Glass plate min. 2.45
Glass plate max. 2.72
Gold, 22 carat fine1) 17.5
Gold, pure 19.32
Gold, US coin1) 17.18 - 17.2
Granite min. 2.4
Graphite 2.07
Gypsum, solid 2.8
Gypsum, board 0.8
Hafnium 13.31
Hairfelt 0.1
Hematite 5.2
Holmium 8.795
Hornblende 3
Ice (0oC, 32oF) 0.92
Ilmenite 4.5- 5.0
Indium 7.31
Iodine 4.93
Iridium min. 21.78
Iridium max. 22.42
Iron cast min. 7.03
Iron cast max. 7.13
Iron carbonate 3.9 +
Iron slag 2.7
Iron wrought min. 7.6
Iron wrought max. 7.9
Lanthanum 6.17
Leather, dry 0.9
Limestone min. 2.1
Limestone max. 2.86
Lead 11.35
Lead ore, galena 7.3 - 7.6
Lead oxide (yellow) 9.5 - 9.9
Leather 0.95
Limestone 2.6
Lithium 0.53
Lutetium 9.84
Magnesite 3
Magnetite 3.2
Manganese 7.21 - 7.44
Manganese ore, pyrolusite 3.7 - 4.6
Magnesium 1.738
Marble min. 2.6
Marble max. 2.86
Masonry 2.4
Mercury 13.534
Mica 2.7
Mineral wool blanket 0.1
Molybdenum 10.22
Monel metal, rolled 8.97
Mortar 1.5
Mullite beads 2.8
Neodymium 7.00
Nickel 8.90
Niobium (Columbium) 8.57
Nylon 6 Cast 1.16
Nylon 6/6, Cast 1.30
Nylon 6/6, Extruded 1.14
Nylon 60L, Cast 1.16
Oak, red 0.7
Osmium 22.57
Paper 0.9
Palladium 12.02
Paraffin wax 0.9
PET, unfilled 1.36
Phenolics 1.38
Phosphorus 1.8
Plaster, light 0.7
Plaster, sand 1.8
Plaster of Paris 1.8
Plastics, foamed 0.2
Plastics, solid 1.2
Platinum 21.45
Plutonium 19.84
Polycarbonate 1.19
Polyethylene, HD 0.97
Polyethylene, UHMW 0.94
Polyethermide 1.27
Polyphenylene Sulfide 1.30
Polymethylpentene 0.83
Polymid, unfilled 1.41
Polypropylene 0.91
Polysulfone 1.25
Polyurethane 1.05
Porcelain 2.5
Potassium 0.86
Praseodymium 6.77
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 2.19
PVC 1.39
PVDF 1.77
Quartz min. 2.5
Quartz max. 2.8
Rhenium 21.02
Rhodium 12.41
Rubidium 1.532
Ruthenium 12.45
Salt 2.2
Samarium 7.52
Sand, silica 2.6
Sand, quartz 1.2
Sandstone min. 2
Sandstone max. 2.6
Sawdust 0.15
Selenium 4.28
Scandium 2.989
Serpentine min. 2.7
Selenium 4.8
Serpentine max. 2.8
Sialon 3.26
Silica aerogel 0.11
Silicon 2.33
Silicon carbide 3.1
Silicon nitride 3.2
Silver 10.50
Silver, German 8.58
Slate 2.8
Soapstone 2.7
Sodium 0.968
Steatite beads 2.6 - 2.7
Steel, 440C stainless 7.7
Steel, carbon 7.8
Steel, chrome 7.8
Steel, cold-drawn 7.83
Steel, machine 7.80
Steel, tool 7.70 - 7.73
Strontium 2.64
Sulfur 2.0
Talc min. 2.6
Talc max. 2.8
Tantalium 16.69
Tar, bituminous 1.2
Tellurium min. 6
Tellurium max. 6.24
Thallium 11.85
Thorium 11.7
Thulium 9.32
Tile 1.8
Tin 7.31
Tin ore, cassiterite 6.4 - 7.0
63 Sn & 37 Pb 8.42
10 Sn & 90 Pb 10.50
Titanium 4.506
Titanium dioxide, Anatase 3.77
Trap rock 3.0
Tungsten 19.22
Tungsten carbide 14.29
Uranium 18.8
Vanadium 5.96
Vermiculite 0.13
Vinyl ester 1.8
Water 1.0
White metal 7.3
Wood, balsa 0.16
Wood, oak 0.7
Wood, white pine 0.5
Wood, felt 0.3
Wood, loose 0.1
Wool 1.32
Ytterbium 6.97
Yttrium 4.47
Zinc, cast-rolled 6.9 - 7.2
Zinc blend min 3.9
Zinc blend max 4.2
Zinc min. 6.9
Zinc max. 7.2
Zirconium 6.506
Zirconium silicate 3.85

1) Gold used in 22K and gold coins is not pure. 22 karat gold is 91.3 % pure.

Note! - be aware that some of the values are based on bulk densities including interstitial air

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