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Pumping Water - Required Horsepower

Horsepower required to pump water.

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Energy imparted to water by the pump is called water horsepower - and can be calculated as

P_whp = q h SG / (3960 μ) (1)

where

P_whp = water horsepower (hp)

q = flow (gal/min)

h = head (ft)

SG = 1 for water Specific Gravity

μ = pump efficiency (decimal value)

Horsepower can also be calculated as:

P_whp = q dp / (1715 μ) (2)

where

P_whp = water horsepower (hp)

dp = delivered pressure (psi)

convert between power units

Example - Horsepower Required to Pump Water

20 gallons of water per minute is elevated 20 ft. The horsepower required (ex. friction loss in piping and efficiency = 1.0) can be calculated as

P_whp = (20 gpm) (20 ft) (1) / (3960 (1.0))

= 0.10 hp

Power required to pump water at 60^oF with ideal pump efficiency 1.0:

Power Required to Pump Water (hp) Load Calculator!
Volume Flow (gpm) Load Calculator!	Height (ft) Load Calculator!
Volume Flow (gpm) Load Calculator!	5	10	15	20	25	30	35	40	50
5	0.00631	0.0126	0.0189	0.0253	0.0316	0.0379	0.0442	0.0505	0.0631
10	0.0126	0.0253	0.0379	0.0505	0.0631	0.0758	0.0884	0.101	0.126
15	0.0189	0.0379	0.0568	0.0758	0.0947	0.114	0.133	0.152	0.189
20	0.0253	0.0505	0.0758	0.101	0.126	0.152	0.177	0.202	0.253
25	0.0316	0.0631	0.0947	0.126	0.158	0.189	0.221	0.253	0.316
30	0.0379	0.0758	0.114	0.152	0.189	0.227	0.265	0.303	0.379
35	0.0442	0.0884	0.133	0.177	0.221	0.265	0.309	0.354	0.442
40	0.0505	0.101	0.152	0.202	0.253	0.303	0.354	0.404	0.505
45	0.0568	0.114	0.170	0.227	0.284	0.341	0.398	0.455	0.568
50	0.0631	0.126	0.189	0.253	0.316	0.379	0.442	0.505	0.631
60	0.0758	0.152	0.227	0.303	0.379	0.455	0.530	0.606	0.758
70	0.0884	0.177	0.265	0.354	0.442	0.530	0.619	0.707	0.884
80	0.101	0.202	0.303	0.404	0.505	0.606	0.707	0.808	1.01
90	0.114	0.227	0.341	0.455	0.568	0.682	0.795	0.909	1.14
100	0.126	0.253	0.379	0.505	0.631	0.758	0.884	1.01	1.26

Note! Individual pump curves should always be used for exact calculations.

Power Consumption in Metric Units

The power consumption for pumping water can be expressed in metric units as

P = q h ρ / (6116 10³ μ) (3)

where

P = power (kW)

q = flow (liter/min)

h = head (m)

ρ = density (kg/m³) (water 1000 kg/m³)

μ = pump efficiency (decimal value)

Example - Power Required to Pump Water

The power required to pump 100 l/min water an elevation of 10 m (ex. friction loss in piping and efficiency = 1.0) can be calculated as

P = (100 liter/min) (10 m) (1000 kg/m³) / (6116 10³ (1.0))

= 0.16 kW

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Related Topics

Pumps - Piping systems and pumps - centrifugal pumps, displacement pumps - cavitation, viscosity, head and pressure, power consumption and more.

Related Documents

Centrifugal Pumps - An introduction to Centrifugal Pumps.
Efficiency in Pumps or Fans - The overall pump and fan efficiency is the ratio power gained by the fluid to the shaft power supplied.
Hydropower - Power potential vs. head and flow rate.
Positive Displacement Pumps - Introduction tutorial to positive displacement pumps basic operating principles.
Power - Power is the rate at which work is done or energy converted.
Power Gained by Fluid from Pump or Fan - Calculate the power gained by fluid from an operating pump or fan.
Pumping Water - Energy Cost Calculator - Calculate the energy cost of pumping water.
Pumps - Affinity Laws - Turbo machines affinity laws can be used to calculate volume capacity, head or power consumption in centrifugal pumps when changing speed or wheel diameters.
Pumps - Head vs. Pressure - Converting head (ft or m) to pressure (psi or bar, kg/cm²) and vice versa.
Pumps - NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head) - An introduction to pumps and the Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH).
Pumps - Parallel vs. Serial Arrangement - Adding head and flowrate for pumps arranged in parallel vs. serial.
Pumps - Power Calculator - Calculate pumps hydraulic and shaft power.
Pumps, Fans and Turbines - Horsepower - British Horse Power as used for pumps, fans and turbines - and how to convert to other units.
Turbo Machines - Specific Work done by Pumps, Compressors or Fans - Calculate specific work done by pumps, fans, compressors or turbines.
Water Pump Calculator - Water pump calculations.

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