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Feed Pumps in Steam Systems - Suction Lift Head vs. Temperature

Cavitation of impellers increases with water temperatures.

To avoid cavitation in a feed pump the suction lift and pressure head should not exceed the limits indicated below:

Feed Pumps in Steam Systems - Suction Lift Head vs. Temperature
Temperature of Feeding WaterMax Suction LiftMinimum Pressure Head
(oC)(oF)(m)(ft)(m)(ft)
55 130 3 10
65 150 2 7
77 170 0.6 2
80 175 0 0 0 0
87 190 1.5 5
95 200 3.5 10
99 210 4.5 15
100 212 5 17

For water with temperature above 80 oC (175 oF) it is necessary with a positive pressure head - and the pump is located in an elevation below the water or condensate receiver.

In steam distribution systems its common with open vented condensate receivers with temperatures close to 100 oC (212 oF). This is true especially in systems where most of the steam consumed is returned as hot condensate, but also in systems where the make up water is heated to reduce the amount of air dissolved in the water.

Pump - suction head versus water temperature and altitude

  • 1 ft (foot) = 0.3048 m

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