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Saturated Salt Solutions and Air Humidity

A salt solutions can be used maintain a particular value of relative humidity

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Saturated salt/water solutions can be used to maintain particular values of relative humidities inside sealed containers. A saturated salt solutions is a slushy mixture based on distilled water and a chemically pure salt.

Saturated salt/water solutions can be used to calibrate humidity sensors. Note that the values below may vary with several percents due to temperature variations, impurities in salt or water or slow saturation. 

Saturated Salt SolutionTemperature (ºC)
05101520253035405060
Relative Humidity over the Salt Solution  (%)
Ammonium nitrate - NH4NO3 75 70 67 64 60 53
Ammonium sulphate - (NH4)2SO4 82 82 82 82 81 81 81 80 80 79
Lithium chloride - LiCl 1) 11.31 11.35 11.28 11.25 11.21 11.10 10.95
Magnesium chloride - MgCl2 34 34 33 33 33 33 32 32 32 31 29
Magnesium nitrate - Mg(NO3)2 60 59 57 56 54 53 51 50 48 45
Natrium Cloride - NaCl 1) 75.51 75.65 75.67 75.61 75.47 75.29 75.09 74.87
Potassium sulphate - K2SO4 99 98 98 98 98 97 97 97 96 96
Potassium nitrate - KNO3 96 96 96 95 95 94 92 91 89 85
Potassium chloride - KCl 89 88 87 86 85 84 84 83 82 81 80
Potassium acetate - CH3CO2K 23 23 23 23 22
Potassium hydroxide - KOH 14 12 11 9 8 7 7 6 6 5
Sodium chloride - NaCl 76 76 76 76 75 75 75 75 75 74 75
Sodium nitrite - NaNO2 65 64 63 62 61
Sodium dichromate - Na2Cr2O7 61 59 57 57 55 54 53 51 50 49 47

1) Saturated aqueous solutions of inorganic salts are convenient for calibration of instruments for measurement of relative humidity 

saturated salt solutions and air humidity

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