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Comfort Environments - Selecting Ventilation System

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The cooling capacity of an air-condition system is often determinant for selecting the type and the principle,  and the capacity is often limited by comfort requirements.

Maximum capacities for displacement and mixing systems in different kind of buildings are roughly indicated below.

Comfort Environments - Alternative Ventilation System
Type of buildingVentilation systemVentilation principles and Cooling loads (W/m2)
MixingDisplacement
Offices CAV 0 - 20 10 - 30
VAV 20 - 60 20 - 60
Fan-coil 40 - 70
Cooling ceiling 60 - 100 60 - 100
Hotels CAV 0 - 20 10 - 30
VAV 20 - 50 20 - 50
Fan-coil 20 - 50
Hospitals CAV 0 - 20 10 - 30
VAV 20 - 60 20 - 60
Cooling ceiling 60 - 100 60 - 100
Public buildings CAV 0 - 20 10 - 30
VAV 20 - 60 20 - 60
Department stores CAV 0 - 20
VAV 20 - 80
Fan-coil 40 - 100

The heat load in typical rooms are influenced by the use of lights, heat emission from machines like computers, the number of people and the sun radiation through windows and other building elements. The heat load is typically very dynamic and for larger building and systems some kind of computerized tools are helpful in the designing process.

Heat loads in some typical rooms are indicated below:  

Ventilation of Rooms - Typical Heat Loads 
Typical rooms and their heat loadsHeat Load
(W/m2)
Normal offices without automatic 0 - 30
Normal offices with automatic 30 - 50
Conference rooms 20 - 75
Data rooms > 60
Guest rooms, normal standard 0 - 25
Guest rooms, high standard 25 - 50
Patients rooms 0 - 20
Treatment rooms 20 - 60
Intensive rooms > 50
Conference rooms 20 - 75
Theater, cinema 40 - 60
Restaurants 30 - 70
Class rooms 20 - 50
Food 20 - 40
Normal 30 - 60
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Related Topics

Ventilation Systems

Design of systems for ventilation and air handling - air change rates, ducts and pressure drops, charts and diagrams and more.

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Classification of Ventilation Systems

Ventilation systems can be classified by functions, distribution strategies or by ventilation principles.

Ventilation Efficiency

The efficiency of a ventilation system may be related to temperature and/or pollution concentrations.

Ventilation Principles

Some commonly used ventilation principles - short cut, mixed air, displacement and piston principle.

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