Fuel Oil and Combustion Values
Combustion value in Btu/gal for fuel oils No.1 to No.6
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The heating or combustion value of a fuel can be expressed as the quantity of heat (Btu per gallon) released during the combustion process where oxygen from the air reacts with the hydrogen and carbon in the fuel.
The combustion or heating value for some common fuels oil grades are indicated in the table below:
| Grade | Heating Value (Btu/gal) |
Comments |
| Fuel Oil No. 1 | 132,900 - 137,000 | Small Space Heaters |
| Fuel Oil No. 2 | 137,000 - 141,800 | Residential Heating |
| Fuel Oil No. 4 | 143,100 - 148,100 | Industrial Burners |
| Fuel Oil No. 5 (Light) | 146,800 - 150,000 | Preheating in General Required |
| Fuel Oil No.5 (Heavy) | 149,400 - 152,000 | Heating Required |
| Fuel Oil No. 6 | 151,300 - 155,900 | Bunker C |
- 1 Btu/gal = 278.7 J/liter
No. 1 and No. 2 fuel are both used for residential heating purposes. The No. 2 is slightly more expensive but the fuel gives more heat per gallon used.
The No. 1 fuel oil is used in vaporizing pot-type burners. The No. 2 is used in atomizing gun-type and rotary fuel oil burners.
The heavier the grade of fuel used in an oil burner, the greater the care must be taken to ensure that oil is supplied the combustion process at the proper atomizing temperature. If the temperature is to low the fuel oil will not atomize and evaporate and the burner will not operate efficiently.
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