Paraffins and Alkanes - Combustion Properties

Heating values, air/fuel ratios, flame speed, flame temperatures, ignition temperatures, flash points and flammability limits

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Paraffin or Alkanes Chemical Formula Higher Heating Value
(Btu/lbm)		 Air/Fuel Ratio Maximum Flame Speed
(ft/s)		 Adiabatic Flame Temperature
(oF)		 Ignition Temperature
(oF)		 Flash Point
(oF)		 Flammability Limits
LEL UEL
Ethane C2H6 22323 15.899 1.3 3540 968 - 1166 *) 3.0 12.5
n-Butane C4H10 21321 14.984 1.2 3583 761 -76 1.9 8.4
iso-Butane C4H10 21271 14.984 1.2 3583 864 -117 1.8 8.4
n-Heptane C7H16 20854 14.141 1.3 3985 433 25 1.0 6.0
n-Hexane C6H14 20966 15.238 1.3 4030 478 -7 1.3 7.0
Methane CH3 23875 17.195 1.1 3484 1301 *) 5.0 15.0
Neopentane C5H12 20978 15.323 1.1 4060 842 *) 1.4 7.2
Neohexane C6H14 20931 15.238 1.2 4055 797 -54 1.2 7.6
n-Octane C8H18 20796 15.093     428 56 0.9 3.2
iso-Octane C8H18 20770 15.093 1.1   837 10 0.8 5.9
n-Pentane C5H12 21095 15.323 1.3 4050 588 < -40 1.4 7.8
iso-Pentane C5H12 21047 15.323 1.2 4055 788 < - 60 1.3 9.2
Propane C3H8 21669 15.246 1.3 3573 871 *) 2.1 10.1

*) gas

  • LEL - Lower Explosive or Flammable Limit
  • UEL - Upper Explosive or Flammable Limit
  • 1 ft/s = 0.3048 m/s
  • T(oC) = 5/9[T(oF) - 32]
  • 1 Btu/lbm = 2,326.1 J/kg = 0.55556 kcal/kg

 

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