Equilibrium
The mechanical, thermal, electrostatic, phase or chemical states of equilibrium.
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A systems have reached equilibrium when there is no change in the macroscopic state of the system.
Equilibrium of some common systems are described below. Note that the properties describing the state of a system depends on the boundary of the system.
Mechanical Equilibrium
- Mechanical systems have reached equilibrium when there is no movement between the systems
Thermal Equilibrium
- Thermodynamic systems have reached equilibrium when there is no heat transfer between the systems
This state of equilibrium requires the systems to have the same temperature.
Electrostatic Equilibrium
- Electrostatic systems have reached equilibrium when there is no net charge flow between the systems
Phase Equilibrium
- Material substance systems have reached equilibrium when there is no net phase transformation, like melting, between the systems.
Chemical Equilibrium
- Chemical systems have reached equilibrium when there is no net chemical reaction between the system
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Related Topics
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Basics
The SI-system, unit converters, physical constants, drawing scales and more.
Related Documents
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1st Law of Thermodynamics
The First Law of Thermodynamics simply states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed (conservation of energy). Thus power generation processes and energy sources actually involve conversion of energy from one form to another, rather than creation of energy from nothing. -
2nd Law of Thermodynamics
Entropy and disorder. -
Third Law of Thermodynamics
The entropy of a substance is zero if the absolute temperature is zero.
