Stresses in Thin-Walled Tubes or Cylinders

Hoop and longitudinal stresses thin-walled tubes or cylinders

When a thin-walled tube or cylinder is subjected to internal pressure a hoop and longitudinal stress are produced in the wall.

Hoop Stress

The hoop stress can be expressed as:

σh = p d / 2 t         (1)

where

σh = hoop stress (MPa, psi)

p = internal pressure in the tube or cylinder (MPa, psi)

d = internal diameter of tube or cylinder (mm, in)

t = tube or cylinder wall thickness (mm, in)

Longitudinal Stress

The longitudinal stress can be expressed as:

σl = p d / 4 t         (2)

where

σl = longitudinal stress (MPa, psi)

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