Movement Ratio
Machines and movement ratio (velocity ratio)
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A machine is a device that can change the magnitude and line of action of a force. Examples are
- pulley systems
- gear systems
- screw-jacks
A simple machine amplifies the input force (effort) to a larger output force (load).
Movement Ratio
Movement ratio (or velocity ratio) of a machine is defined as the ratio of the distance moved by the effort to the distance moved by the load. Movement ratio can be expressed as
MR = DE / DL (1)
where
MR = movement ratio
DE = distance moved by the effort
DL = distance moved by the load
Machine Efficiency
The efficiency of a simple machine is defined as the ratio of the force ratio to the movement ratio and can be expressed as
μ = FR / MR (2)
where
μ = machine efficiency
FR = force ratio
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