Hydraulic Force

Hydraulic force - area formulas and calculator

hydraulic cylinder force

The force produced by a double acting hydraulic piston on the rod side can be expressed as

F1 = π / 4 (d22 - d12) P1         (1)

where 

F1 = rod pull force (lb)

d1 = rod diameter (inches)

d2 = piston diameter (inches)

P1 = pressure in the cylinder (rod side) (lff/in2)

The force produced opposite the rod can be expressed as

F2 = π / 4 d22 P2         (2)

where 

F2 = rod push force (lb)

P2 = pressure in the cylinder (opposite rod) (lff/in2)

Calculate Pull Force - with pressure acting on rod side

Piston diameter - R2 (in)

Rod diameter - R1 (in)

Cylinder pressure - P1 (lbf/in2, psi)

Calculate Push Force - with pressure acting opposite rod side

Piston diameter - R2 (in)

Cylinder pressure - P2 (lbf/in2, psi)

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Push Diagram

Rod pushing force for hydraulic cylinders are indicated below: 

hydraulic cylinder push force diagram

  • psi (lb/in2) = 144 psf (lbf/ft2) = 6,894.8 Pa (N/m2) = 6.895x10-3 N/mm2 = 6.895x10-2 bar
  • 1 lbf (Pound force) = 4.44822 N = 0.4536 kp
  • 1 in (inch) = 25.4 mm

Pull Diagram

Rod pulling force for hydraulic cylinders are indicated below:

hydraulic cylinder pull force diagram

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