Identification Tests for Stainless Steels
Magnetic, spark, hardness and acid identification tests of austenitic, martensitic and ferritic stainless steels
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Stainless steels can be hard to identify. The different types can be distinguished by methods as
- magnet testing
- spark testing
- hardness testing
- acid testing
| AISI Type | Grade | Group | Magnet Test | Spark Test | Hardness Test | Sulfuric Acid Test | Hydrochloric Acid Test |
| 302 | Chromium- Nickel |
Austenitic | Non- Magnetic |
Few forks - short, reddish | >165 Brinell after heated to 1800oF and water quench | Strong attack - green crystals and dark surface | Rapid reaction - pale blue-green solution |
| 303 | Spoiled egg odor - heavy black smudge | ||||||
| 303Se | Garlic odor | ||||||
| 304 | Strong attack - green crystals and dark surface | Fast attack - gas formation | |||||
| 308 | Full red without many forks | ||||||
| 309 | |||||||
| 310 | |||||||
| 316 | Few forks - short, reddish | Slow attack - tan surface turns brown | Very slow attack | ||||
| 317 | |||||||
| 321 | Fast attack - gas formation | ||||||
| 347 | |||||||
| 410 | Chromium | Martensitic | Magnetic | Long white with few forks | > 280 Brinell after heated to 1800oF and water quench | Rapid reaction - dark green solution | |
| 414 | |||||||
| 416 | Spoiled egg odor - heavy black smudge | ||||||
| 416Se | Garlic odor | ||||||
| 420 | Long white-red with burst | ||||||
| 431 | Long white with few forks | ||||||
| 440 A, B, C | Long white-red with burst | ||||||
| 430 | Ferritic | Long white with few forks | 180 - 250 Brinell after heated to 1800oF and water quench | ||||
| 430F | Spoiled egg odor - heavy black smudge | ||||||
| 430FSe | Garlic odor | ||||||
| 446 | Full red without many forks |
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