Classifications of Hot-Water Heating Systems

Hot-water heating systems can be classified by temperature and pressure

Hot-water systems can be classified by operating temperature into three groups

• low temperature (LTW)
• medium temperature (MTW)
• high temperature (HTW)

where

Low Temperature Hot-Water Heating System (LTW)

• operates within a temperature of 250^oF (121^oC). The maximum allowable working pressure for a LTW system is usual 30 psi (2 bar).
• LTW systems are in general used for space heating in homes, residential buildings, offices, local distribution of district heating systems and similar.

Medium Temperature Hot-Water Heating System (MTW)

• MTW systems operates at a temperature of 350^oF (177^oC) or less. The maximum allowable working pressure for a MTW system is usual 150 psi (10.5 bar).
• MTW systems are often used in large hot-water distribution systems like district heating, and in systems where process applications requires higher temperatures than achievable by LTW systems.

High Temperature Hot-Water Heating System (HTW)

• HTW systems operates at temperatures exceeding 350^oF (177^oC) or less. The maximum operating pressure for a HTW system is usual less than 300 psi (20.7 bar).
• HTW systems are used like MTW systems in large distribution and process application systems.

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